A perforated flame holder and burner including a perforated flame holder provides reduced oxides of nitrogen (NOx) during operation. The perforated flame holder includes a pattern of elongated apertures extending between a proximal and a distal surface of the flame holder relative to a fuel nozzle. The perforated flame holder can provide a significantly reduced flame height while maintaining heat output from the burner.

A low NOx burner is configured to support a combustion reaction at a selected fuel mixture by anchoring a flame at a conductive flame anchor responsive to current flow between charges carried by the flame and the conductive flame anchor.

A combustion gas particle adhesion prevention boiler includes a furnace for containing a combustion gas and passing an exhaust gas; a dust collector for collecting combustion gas particles present in the exhaust gas; a combustion unit for combusting fuel and injecting a flame generated by the combustion into the furnace in order to generate the combustion gas; and a voltage application unit for negatively charging the fuel. The combustion gas particle adhesion prevention boiler, and a method using the same, prevent combustion gas particles generated by the combustion of fuel from being adhered to a tube, the inner wall of a furnace, etc., by applying a negative voltage to the combustion unit, and applying a positive voltage to a dust collector, such that the negatively charged combustion gas particles can be easily collected in the dust collector by the attractive force with the positively charged dust collector.

A gas combustor having function of adjusting combusting angle includes: a fixed housing having a top end thereof transversally formed with a rod hole; and a rotary housing pivoted with the fixed housing, where one side of the rotary housing is formed with a shaft hole having a plurality of annularly-arranged teeth slots for receiving a locking mechanism having an unlocking press button, a connection rod extrudes from an inner surface of the unlocking press button to pass the shaft hole, be sleeved with a stretch spring and enter the rod hole, the connection rod is connected to a passive member in the fixed housing, the passive member has at least one convex tooth protruding toward the plurality of teeth slots, and each of the at least one convex tooth is to be inserted and positioned in one of the teeth slots to form a locked status.

Two or more unipolar voltage generation systems may apply respective voltages to separate but complementary electrodes. The complementary electrodes may be disposed substantially congruently or analogously to one another to provide bipolar electrical effects on a combustion reaction.

The location and morphology of an electrostatically manipulated flame can be controlled through the action of an electrostatic field on the flame, virtually independently of overall mixture composition and imposed strain rate. An electrostatically controlled burner can manipulate a position of a flame between an oxidizer source and a fuel source by way of one or more electrodes configured to produce an electrostatic field proximate to one of the fuel source and the oxidizer source.

The present invention is directed at a waveguide antenna for microwave enhanced combustion of a previously ignited fuel-air mixture. The waveguide antenna has a thermal conductivity of at least 150 W/mk and can be formed from a metallic shell with a ceramic core.

A combustion chamber assembly unit for a fuel-operated vehicle heater includes a combustion chamber housing (14), a combustion chamber (18) formed in the combustion chamber housing (14), an evaporator medium (28) for the absorption of liquid fuel and for the discharge of fuel vapor into the combustion chamber (18), and a heating/ignition device (36) for heating the evaporator medium (28) or/and for igniting a mixture of fuel and combustion air formed in the combustion chamber (18). The heating/ignition device (38) includes at least one radiation source (38) for the emission of electromagnetic radiation into the combustion chamber (18) and at least one absorption body (29, 46) for the absorption of electromagnetic radiation emitted into the combustion chamber (18).

An apparatus and method for assisting with the combustion of fuel are described. The apparatus includes a swirler assembly and a fuel nozzle. Fuel is directed into a fuel nozzle mixing chamber and combines with air therein to form a fuel-air mixture. At least one plasma generator, at least partially within the fuel nozzle, generates an at least one of an at least partially ionized air-fuel mixture and an at least partially dissociated air-fuel mixture (at least partially I/D air-fuel mixture) via a plasma generator discharge. A combustion chamber inlet admits the at least partially I/D air-fuel mixture from the plasma generator into a combustion chamber internal volume. Combustion air flows through the swirler body and into the combustion chamber internal volume. Combustion of the at least partially I/D air-fuel mixture with the combustion air occurs at least partially within the combustion chamber internal volume to responsively produce products.

An exemplary embodiment can be an exemplary method, which can include, for example, generating a cool flame(s) using a plasma-assisted combustion, and maintaining the cool flame(s). The cool flame(s) can have a temperature below about 1050 Kelvin, which can be about 700 Kelvin. The cool flame(s) can be further generated using a heated counterflow burning arrangement and a an ozone generating arrangement. The heated counterflow burning arrangement can include a liquid fuel vaporization arrangement. The ozone generating arrangement can include a micro plasma dielectric barrier discharge arrangement. The plasma-assisted combustion can be generated using (i) liquid n-heptane, (i) heated nitrogen, and (iii) ozone.