A process for reducing the CO.sub.2 and other pollutants produced by the combustion of a fuel in a combustion chamber while maintaining or increasing the efficiency of said combustion includes feeding to the combustion chamber, or preconditioning the combustion chamber, with a catalyst, preferably a lithium based salt Monitoring the energy output and components of the exhaust gas stream to maintain optimum operation allows reduction, during the process, of the catalyst delivery and feed air. The presence of the catalyst results in increased efficiency of operation and reduction of pollutants generated.

Waste treatment comprises heating it in a chamber to effect pyrolysis of the waste, introducing oxygen into the chamber to effect combustion of the pyrolyzed waste, and contacting off-gas from the pyrolysis and/or combustion steps with an oxidation catalyst to convert carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the off-gas into carbon dioxide and water and with a reduction catalyst to convert nitrous oxides to nitrogen and oxygen. Thus, domestic waste is treated in a batch process using catalytic converters to reduce the level of toxic components before off-gas reaches the atmosphere.

A system, includes an emissions reduction system, including a catalyst system comprising an oxidation catalyst assembly and a selective catalytic reduction catalyst assembly. The system includes a diesel particulate fuel assembly, a first and a second sensor upstream of the catalyst system configured to measure emissions of the exhaust flow of the gas engine and a gas turbine before flowing into the catalyst system to generate a first and a second signal. A third sensor is downstream of the catalyst system to measure emissions of the catalyst system to generate a third signal, and a fourth and a fifth sensor disposed upstream and downstream of the DPF assembly to measure a change in pressure to generate a fourth signal and a controller to generate a first control signal to control an amount of reductant based on at least the first, second, and third signals.

Apparatus and methods are disclosed to improved block channel geometries and arrangements of thermal oxidizers. One described example apparatus includes a block of a converter having a plurality of channels defining interior walls, which define a cellular pattern in a cross-sectional view of the block. The pattern comprises regular sub-patterns consisting of at least one central channel, which is proximate an interior of the block, and a plurality of surrounding channels.

In a power generation facility (10) wherein a fluidized bed combustion unit (12) produces steam to power a steam turbine generator (32), a heat recovery steam generator (20) produces steam for the steam turbine generator. Electrical power from the steam turbine generator is conducted to a motor (40) that drives and air compressor (36). The air compressor provides pressurized air back to the fluidized bed combustion unit (12) to promote fuel combustion. Flue gas from the heat recovery steam generator is selectively conducted to a CO2 capture unit (18) and then to a gas expander (42) that assists the motor in driving the air compressor (36). A heat exchanger (46) that is upstream of the CO2 Capture Unit and a heat exchanger (56) that is downstream of the CO2 Capture Unit and upstream of the air expander have thermal fluid sides that are connected in a closed circuit. The heat exchangers (46 and 56) convey heat away from the CO2 Capture Unit and provide heat to flue gas flowing to the gas expander to avoid icing conditions in the gas expander and acid condensation in the air emission stack.

A device for decomposing ammonia into a nitrogen-hydrogen mixture. The device comprising a cylindrical combustion chamber, a device for supplying air-ammonia mixture, at least one main channel for its supply, a tangential swirler, a spark plug installed in the combustion chamber, and a channel for supplying auxiliary fuel with increased flammability. A cylindrical body is introduced, inside of which a cylindrical combustion chamber is located coaxially with the formation between them, the entrance of the main channel and the tangential swirler, an additional annular channel for supplying and heating the air-ammonia mixture, wherein the cylindrical side surfaces of the body and the combustion chamber have at least one through hole for installation of the spark plug, a flame sensor, a device for secondary air supply and a flame stabilizer are introduced, wherein the combustion chamber is a cooling chamber, at the outlet of which a catalytic unit is installed.

There is provided a denitrification apparatus capable of reducing NOx from a combustion facility and preventing evaporation of a reducing liquid in a lance and an injection nozzle in the combustion facility in operation at a low load by adjusting concentration of a reducing agent, thereby achieving complete evaporation of the reducing liquid in an exhaust gas duct. The denitrification apparatus of the present invention includes: a nozzle for spraying a reducing liquid containing a reducing agent for reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas discharged from a combustion facility into the exhaust gas by using a flow of gas; a gas supply unit for supplying the gas to the nozzle; a reducing liquid supply unit for supplying the reducing liquid to the nozzle; and a concentration control unit for adjusting concentration of the reducing agent on the basis of a temperature of the exhaust gas and a supply amount of the reducing liquid by supplying a diluting liquid to the reducing liquid so that the reducing agent is not vaporized in the reducing liquid supply unit.

An offgas treatment apparatus having a reduction catalyst and an oxidation catalyst downstream of the reduction catalyst may also include a temperature-affecting apparatus for the offgas positioned between the reduction catalyst and the oxidation catalyst. In some examples, the apparatus may include a second temperature-affecting apparatus for the offgas positioned upstream of the reduction catalyst. At least one of the first or second temperature affecting apparatuses may comprise a heat exchanger, a preheating apparatus, an auxiliary heater, or a mixing-in device for a fluid, for instance. In some examples, the apparatus may involve a dust filter positioned upstream of the reduction catalyst.

An injector mixer arrangement (10) for supplying a reducing agent in gaseous form into a flue gas flowing in a gas duct (14) communicating with a catalyst (18a) in a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reactor (12) arranged downstream of said injector mixer arrangement (10). The injector mixer arrangement (10) comprises an injector grid (22) equipped with a plurality of nozzles (30) arranged horizontally within the gas duct (14). The nozzles (30) are adapted to supply said reducing agent to the gas duct (14). The injector mixer arrangement (10) further comprises first stage mixer plates (24) and second stage mixer plates (26) arranged in the gas duct (14) downstream of said nozzles (30) and upstream of SCR reactor 12.

Waste treatment comprises heating it in a chamber to effect pyrolysis of the waste, introducing oxygen into the chamber to effect combustion of the pyrolyzed waste, and contacting off-gas from the pyrolysis and/or combustion steps with an oxidation catalyst to convert carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the off-gas into carbon dioxide and water and with a reduction catalyst to convert nitrous oxides to nitrogen and oxygen. Thus, domestic waste is treated in a batch process using catalytic converters to reduce the level of toxic components before off-gas reaches the atmosphere.