An apparatus includes a flash tank that stores a refrigerant, a first load that uses the refrigerant to cool a first space, second and third loads, first and second compressors, and a high side heat exchanger configured to remove heat from the refrigerant. During a first mode of operation: the second load uses the refrigerant to cool a second space, the third load uses the refrigerant to cool a third space, the second compressor compresses the refrigerant from the second and third loads, and the first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the first load and the second compressor. During a second mode of operation, the second compressor compresses the refrigerant from the second load and directs the compressed refrigerant to the third load to defrost the third load.

A refrigerant metering system/method incorporating a manual expansion valve (MEV), condenser isolation valve (CIV), flow isolation valve (FIV), and evaporator isolation valve (EIV) is disclosed. The MEV is configured to replace a conventional automated expansion valve (AEV) that controls a refrigerant flow valve (RFV) that is positioned in a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system between a refrigerant condenser coil (RCC) and a refrigerant evaporator coil (REC) and permits manual metering of refrigerant by the RFV from the RCC to the REC and also allows complete shutoff of refrigerant flow by the RFV from the RCC to the REC. The MEV allows rapid HVAC repair and restoration of service where a replacement AEV is not readily available. The CIV/FIV/EIV are positioned in the refrigerant flow lines to permit the AEV and/or REC to be isolated from HVAC refrigerant flow for repairs to the AEV and/or REC.

A refrigerant metering system/method incorporating a manual expansion valve (MEV), condenser isolation valve (CIV), flow isolation valve (FIV), and evaporator isolation valve (EIV) is disclosed. The MEV is configured to replace a conventional automated expansion valve (AEV) that controls a refrigerant flow valve (RFV) that is positioned in a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system between a refrigerant condenser coil (RCC) and a refrigerant evaporator coil (REC) and permits manual metering of refrigerant by the RFV from the RCC to the REC and also allows complete shutoff of refrigerant flow by the RFV from the RCC to the REC. The MEV allows rapid HVAC repair and restoration of service where a replacement AEV is not readily available. The CIV/FIV/EIV are positioned in the refrigerant flow lines to permit the AEV and/or REC to be isolated from HVAC refrigerant flow for repairs to the AEV and/or REC.

An air conditioner (10) includes a refrigerant circuit (13) and refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit (13) has a compressor (1), a condenser (2), a pressure-regulating valve (3), and an evaporator (4). The refrigerant is R32. The pressure-regulating valve (3) includes a flow path (33) causing the refrigerant flowing from the condenser (2) to flow to the evaporator (4), a pressure reference chamber (S2) partitioned from the flow path (33) and filled with inert gas, and a valve portion (34) disposed in the flow path (33). The pressure-regulating valve (3) is configured to adjust a degree of opening of the valve portion (34) to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path (33). The valve portion (34) is configured to increase the degree of opening when a pressure in the flow path (33) is higher than a pressure in the pressure reference chamber (S2), and reduce the degree of opening when the pressure in the flow path (33) is lower than the pressure in the pressure reference chamber (S2).

An air conditioner (10) includes a refrigerant circuit (13) and refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit (13) has a compressor (1), a condenser (2), a pressure-regulating valve (3), and an evaporator (4). The refrigerant is R32. The pressure-regulating valve (3) includes a flow path (33) causing the refrigerant flowing from the condenser (2) to flow to the evaporator (4), a pressure reference chamber (S2) partitioned from the flow path (33) and filled with inert gas, and a valve portion (34) disposed in the flow path (33). The pressure-regulating valve (3) is configured to adjust a degree of opening of the valve portion (34) to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path (33). The valve portion (34) is configured to increase the degree of opening when a pressure in the flow path (33) is higher than a pressure in the pressure reference chamber (S2), and reduce the degree of opening when the pressure in the flow path (33) is lower than the pressure in the pressure reference chamber (S2).

An electronic expansion valve comprises: a valve body, the valve body comprising a main body section, an extension section, and a step section, wherein a valve seat core being in a tubular shape and having openings at two ends, wherein the valve seat core comprises a tubular body and a limiting step formed at one end of the tubular body, the tubular body penetrates through the extension section, the limiting step abuts against the inner wall of the step section, and one end of the tubular body away from the limiting step extends out of the extension section; and an air outlet pipe, which is sleeved in the extension section and abuts against an outer wall of the step section, a groove is defined by an inner wall of the air outlet pipe, the extension section, and an outer wall of the tubular body in a surrounding mode.

An apparatus includes a flash tank that stores a refrigerant, a first load that uses the refrigerant to cool a first space, second and third loads, first and second compressors, and a valve. During a first mode of operation: the second load uses the refrigerant to cool a second space, the third load uses the refrigerant to cool a third space, the second compressor compresses the refrigerant from the second and third loads, and the first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the first load and the second compressor. During a second mode of operation: the second compressor compresses the refrigerant from the second load and directs the compressed refrigerant to the third load to defrost the third load and the valve prevents the refrigerant at the third load from flowing to the flash tank until a pressure of the refrigerant at the third load exceeds a threshold.

An efficient air conditioning system absorbs heat via a fluid, such as a refrigerant, from one place in the cycle and rejects the heat from the fluid in another place in the cycle. A receiver or storage tank is arranged between the condenser and the first heat exchanger to ensure a constant and steady flow of fluid to the heat exchanger. A dual heat exchanger system and additional expansion valve provide sub-cooling of the liquid refrigerant exiting the condenser.

There is provided a heat exchange assembly, a battery assembly and a battery heat exchange system. The heat exchange assembly includes a first fluid collecting portion, two or more main body portions, and a second fluid collecting portion. The first fluid collecting portion includes at least one cavity. The main body portions each include two or more fluid passages. The fluid passages each are in communication with the cavity. The first fluid collecting portion includes a first block portion and a first fluid collecting sub-portion that are fixed to each other. A first interface of the heat exchange assembly can be in communication with a first connection aperture of the first block portion, and the first interface of the heat exchange assembly can be in communication with the fluid passage.

An expansion valve is provided with a valve body including an inlet hole through which a refrigerant flows into a valve chamber, and a valve hole through which the refrigerant flows out of the valve chamber; a valve element configured to adjust an amount of the refrigerant flowing through the valve hole; a power element that is mounted to the valve body and configured to drive the valve element via a valve rod; a first vibration isolation spring provided in the valve chamber and configured to prevent vibration of the valve element; and a second vibration isolation spring that is in contact with the valve rod and configured to prevent vibration of the valve element.