The present invention relates to a method for early detection of carbonization during the drying of an organic material. The method of the present invention measures temperature variation per unit time of exhaust gas containing water (H.sub.2O), carbon monoxide (CO), or carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), which are to be generated by the pyrolysis of an organic material, and the concentration of carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide of the exhaust gas, so as to determine the occurrence of carbonization therethrough, thereby enabling early detection of carbonization within a dryer.

The present invention relates to a method for early detection of carbonization during the drying of an organic material. The method of the present invention measures temperature variation per unit time of exhaust gas containing water (H.sub.2O), carbon monoxide (CO), or carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), which are to be generated by the pyrolysis of an organic material, and the concentration of carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide of the exhaust gas, so as to determine the occurrence of carbonization therethrough, thereby enabling early detection of carbonization within a dryer.

Various implementations include a biomass dehydration system including a wet biomass chamber containing wet biomass, a belt or chain defining one or more cavities, two or more pulleys including a drive pulley that the belt or chain extend around and that are configured such that the cavities are disposable within the wet biomass chamber as the belt or chain moves along the pulleys to cause wet biomass to enter the cavities, and a drying chamber for dehydrating wet biomass disposed in the cavities into solid pellets. The drive pulley engages the belt or chain and causes the belt or chain to move around the pulleys. At least a portion of the belt or chain extends from the wet biomass chamber through the drying chamber. One of the pulleys includes one or more ejection protrusions for engaging the cavities and ejecting solid pellets from the cavities.

A fluidized bed system is a single unitary modular system that packages a circulation fan, a fluidized bed, and a dust collection system within a same structure. The structure is formed to include internal ducts to provide fluid communication between the circulation fan, the fluidized bed, and the dust collection system. The fan provides a flow of air via a pressure duct to the fluidized bed. Particulate is separated from particles included on the fluidized bed by the flow of air being uniformly distributed to the fluidized bed. Particulate separated in a disengagement area and suspended in the flow of air is conducted through a particulate clearance space surrounding the dust collection system. The particulate is captured by the dust collection system and conveyed to a location external to the system.

A fluidized bed system is a single unitary modular system that packages a circulation fan, a fluidized bed, and a dust collection system within a same structure. The structure is formed to include internal ducts to provide fluid communication between the circulation fan, the fluidized bed, and the dust collection system. The fan provides a flow of air via a pressure duct to the fluidized bed. Particulate is separated from particles included on the fluidized bed by the flow of air being uniformly distributed to the fluidized bed. Particulate separated in a disengagement area and suspended in the flow of air is conducted through a particulate clearance space surrounding the dust collection system. The particulate is captured by the dust collection system and conveyed to a location external to the system.

An automatic drying method for a grain dryer has a preparing step, a parameter-setting step, and a multi-stage drying step. The preparing step includes preparing an automatic drying device. The automatic drying device has a body, at least two drying sections, and a detecting module. Each drying section has a hot air inlet, a net-layer base, and at least one exhaust pipe. The detecting module is connected to the body and has at least two moisture meters, at least two temperature sensors, a rotary unit, and a processing unit. The parameter-setting step comprises setting a temperature value and a moisture content of each drying section. The multi-stage drying step comprises conveying pre-dried grains into each drying section, importing hot air into each drying section to dry the pre-dried grains, and adjusting an operating speed of the rotary unit and the temperature of the hot air.

An oven has a first conveyor, a first burner that directs heat toward the first conveyor from above the first conveyor, and a second burner that directs heat toward the first conveyor from below the first conveyor. A method includes providing foodstuff on a conveyor, exposing the foodstuff to heat directed toward the foodstuff from above the conveyor, and exposing the foodstuff to heat directed toward the foodstuff from below the conveyor. Another oven has a first conveyor and first conveyor insulators that surround the first conveyor and define a first zone. Another method includes introducing foodstuff to a first conveyor belt within a first insulated zone, introducing heat into the first insulated zone, and retaining a portion of the heat within the first insulated zone. Another oven has an insulated cooking zone that closely envelopes a cooking path and an insulated oven zone that substantially envelopes the cooking zone.

A transportable vehicle enclosure (1) for painting vehicles includes side, front (6), rear (5), ceiling (4) and floor (3) portions, one of the portions being configured to allow vehicular access; whereby, in use, a vehicle (2) may be placed within the enclosure; the enclosure further including an air handling unit (18) for respectively producing a first temperature level within the enclosure suitable for a spray mode of operation and a second temperature level within the enclosure suitable for a baking mode of operation.

Systems and methods for treating wood and wood products, including a structure defining a wood treating zone, an air heating zone, a heated air supply zone, and a cooled air return zone. Heating units feed conduits defining one or more heat transfer surfaces and an indirect heat exchange substructure. The heated air supply zone includes left and right heated air plenums, and the cooled air return zone includes a return duct, all internal of the wood treating zone. A movable cart moves spaced apart, stacked wood products into and out of the wood heating zone. The cart and wood thereon fit closely within but do not touch the wood treating zone. An air blower internal of the heated air supply zone and in fluid communication with the air heating zone and the heated air supply zone recirculates air. An exhaust blower vents some of the cooled air.

Systems and methods for treating wood and wood products, including a structure defining a wood treating zone, an air heating zone, a heated air supply zone, and a cooled air return zone. Heating units feed conduits defining one or more heat transfer surfaces and an indirect heat exchange substructure. The heated air supply zone includes left and right heated air plenums, and the cooled air return zone includes a return duct, all internal of the wood treating zone. A movable cart moves spaced apart, stacked wood products into and out of the wood heating zone. The cart and wood thereon fit closely within but do not touch the wood treating zone. An air blower internal of the heated air supply zone and in fluid communication with the air heating zone and the heated air supply zone recirculates air. An exhaust blower vents some of the cooled air.