Baking oven insulation including at least a first insulating layer composed of a fiber material, and a metallic sheet material layer and a second insulating layer at least partially composed of a fiber material. The first and second insulating layers are located at opposite sides of the metallic sheet material layer. The first insulating layer is an inner layer to be arranged immediately at the outer side of a cavity wall of a baking oven and immediately at the inner side of the metallic sheet material layer. Moreover, the second insulating layer is an outer layer adapted to be spaced from the cavity wall of the baking oven. The first insulating layer has a thickness d1 which enables the first insulating layer to reduce the heat conduction from the cavity wall to the metallic sheet layer.

A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys includes a fluid cooled mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, and a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material. The system also includes a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity, and a heat removal system configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal. The mixing cold hearth can be configured as a removal element of an assembly of interchangeable mixing cold hearths, with each mixing cold hearth of the assembly configured for melting a specific category of raw materials. A process includes the steps of providing the mixing cold hearth, feeding the raw material into the melting cavity, heating the raw material, and moving the mixing cold hearth during the heating step.

A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys includes a fluid cooled mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, and a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material. The system also includes a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity, and a heat removal system configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal. The mixing cold hearth can be configured as a removal element of an assembly of interchangeable mixing cold hearths, with each mixing cold hearth of the assembly configured for melting a specific category of raw materials. A process includes the steps of providing the mixing cold hearth, feeding the raw material into the melting cavity, heating the raw material, and moving the mixing cold hearth during the heating step.

A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys includes a fluid cooled mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, and a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material. The system also includes a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity, and a heat removal system configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal. The mixing cold hearth can be configured as a removal element of an assembly of interchangeable mixing cold hearths, with each mixing cold hearth of the assembly configured for melting a specific category of raw materials. A process includes the steps of providing the mixing cold hearth, feeding the raw material into the melting cavity, heating the raw material, and moving the mixing cold hearth during the heating step.

A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys includes a fluid cooled mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, and a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material. The system also includes a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity, and a heat removal system configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal. The mixing cold hearth can be configured as a removal element of an assembly of interchangeable mixing cold hearths, with each mixing cold hearth of the assembly configured for melting a specific category of raw materials. A process includes the steps of providing the mixing cold hearth, feeding the raw material into the melting cavity, heating the raw material, and moving the mixing cold hearth during the heating step.

An arc furnace having a furnace vessel for melting steel, a cover for closing the furnace vessel and a pivot unit with which the cover can be moved away from the furnace vessel in which the furnace vessel is mounted so as to be movable in the vertical direction relative to the pivot unit, and the pivot unit has a holder for releasably fixing the cover in the vertical direction.

An arc furnace having a furnace vessel for melting steel, a cover for closing the furnace vessel and a pivot unit with which the cover can be moved away from the furnace vessel in which the furnace vessel is mounted so as to be movable in the vertical direction relative to the pivot unit, and the pivot unit has a holder for releasably fixing the cover in the vertical direction.

Apparatus for producing analysis samples for X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy that includes a crucible holder that supports a crucible with sample material and a casting dish that is provided underneath the crucible. The crucible is tiltably mounted in the crucible holder and the crucible holder along with crucible holder and the casting dish is handled as a single unit for loading and unloading the oven. The oven has a floor on which the crucible holder is positioned upright, and the portion of the floor receiving the crucible holder is designed as a turntable which imparts oscillating rotational motion to the crucible holder and crucible holder. The method entails placing the crucible with the sample material in the crucible holder while they are outside the oven and then placing entire crucible unit loosely in the oven.

Apparatus for producing analysis samples for X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy that includes a crucible holder that supports a crucible with sample material and a casting dish that is provided underneath the crucible. The crucible is tiltably mounted in the crucible holder and the crucible holder along with crucible holder and the casting dish is handled as a single unit for loading and unloading the oven. The oven has a floor on which the crucible holder is positioned upright, and the portion of the floor receiving the crucible holder is designed as a turntable which imparts oscillating rotational motion to the crucible holder and crucible holder. The method entails placing the crucible with the sample material in the crucible holder while they are outside the oven and then placing entire crucible unit loosely in the oven.

A tilting converter comprising a container (2), defining a first longitudinal axis X, having a bottom (2); a support ring (3), coaxial to the container (2) and distanced from said container, provided with two diametrically opposite supporting pins (6), defining a second axis Y orthogonal to the first axis X, adapted to allow a rotation of the converter about said second axis Y; a suspension system, connecting said container (2) to said support ring (3), comprising groups (12) of first suspension devices (7), said groups (12) being arranged substantially equidistant to each other along a cylindrical side surface coaxial to the first axis X, in a position between the support ring (3) and the bottom (2); each of said first suspension devices (7) being provided with a plurality of longitudinal elastic elements, each longitudinal elastic element being arranged alongside the next so as to define a laying plane, and a gap (15, 15) is provided between one longitudinal elastic element and the next.