In an example implementation, a sintering system includes a detection gas line to enable gas to flow into a sintering furnace from an external gas supply. The system includes a detection gas port inside the furnace through which gas from the detection gas line is to flow into the furnace, and a registration feature inside the furnace to enable positioning of a token green object proximate the gas detection port. The system includes a gas flow monitor to detect changes in gas flow through the detection gas line when the token green object shrinks during a sintering process in the furnace.

In an example implementation, a sintering system includes a detection gas line to enable gas to flow into a sintering furnace from an external gas supply. The system includes a detection gas port inside the furnace through which gas from the detection gas line is to flow into the furnace, and a registration feature inside the furnace to enable positioning of a token green object proximate the gas detection port. The system includes a gas flow monitor to detect changes in gas flow through the detection gas line when the token green object shrinks during a sintering process in the furnace.

A heat treatment device includes a chamber accommodating a work substrate including a first organic layer, a heater part which is disposed in the chamber and heats the work substrate, an air supply part including a first nozzle which supplies an external air to the chamber, a second nozzle which is disposed in the first nozzle and supplies a process gas to the chamber, and a cover part provided through which an opening overlapping the second nozzle is defined and which is disposed at an end of the first nozzle, which is adjacent to an outlet of the first nozzle, and an air exhaust part exhausting particles in the chamber to an outside of the chamber.

A heat treatment device includes a chamber accommodating a work substrate including a first organic layer, a heater part which is disposed in the chamber and heats the work substrate, an air supply part including a first nozzle which supplies an external air to the chamber, a second nozzle which is disposed in the first nozzle and supplies a process gas to the chamber, and a cover part provided through which an opening overlapping the second nozzle is defined and which is disposed at an end of the first nozzle, which is adjacent to an outlet of the first nozzle, and an air exhaust part exhausting particles in the chamber to an outside of the chamber.

A shaft furnace, in particular a blast furnace, comprises includes an outer metal shell; a plurality of tuyeres arranged to inject hot blast into the shaft furnace; and means for injecting process gas in the shaft stack area, where the injector has a nozzle body with a peripheral wall extending along a longitudinal axis from a front portion, with at least one injection hole, to an opposite rear portion connected to a base member, where the nozzle body includes an inner gas channel for guiding process gas from an inlet port in the base member to the injection holes(s), nozzle body being mounted through an aperture in the metal shell in such a way that the front region with injection hole(s) is located on the inner side of the metal shell, whereas the rear portion is outside of the metal shell, and the base member includes a peripheral mounting portion configured for connecting the injector in a gas tight manner to a mounting unit surrounding the aperture in the metal shell.

A shaft furnace, in particular a blast furnace, comprises includes an outer metal shell; a plurality of tuyeres arranged to inject hot blast into the shaft furnace; and means for injecting process gas in the shaft stack area, where the injector has a nozzle body with a peripheral wall extending along a longitudinal axis from a front portion, with at least one injection hole, to an opposite rear portion connected to a base member, where the nozzle body includes an inner gas channel for guiding process gas from an inlet port in the base member to the injection holes(s), nozzle body being mounted through an aperture in the metal shell in such a way that the front region with injection hole(s) is located on the inner side of the metal shell, whereas the rear portion is outside of the metal shell, and the base member includes a peripheral mounting portion configured for connecting the injector in a gas tight manner to a mounting unit surrounding the aperture in the metal shell.

The present application describes an industrial calciner for particulate material, wherein the industrial calciner comprises: a calcination vessel; and a gas supply system in fluid communication with the calcination vessel, the gas supply system configured to supply a flow of calcination gas to the calcination vessel, wherein the industrial calciner further comprises at least one electric heater configured to heat the calcination gas, the industrial calciner further comprising at least one humidity modifier and a humidity control system for controlling the output of the at least one humidity modifier. Use of the industrial calciner and a method of calcining particulate material with the industrial calciner are also described.

The present application describes an industrial calciner for particulate material, wherein the industrial calciner comprises: a calcination vessel; and a gas supply system in fluid communication with the calcination vessel, the gas supply system configured to supply a flow of calcination gas to the calcination vessel, wherein the industrial calciner further comprises at least one electric heater configured to heat the calcination gas, the industrial calciner further comprising at least one humidity modifier and a humidity control system for controlling the output of the at least one humidity modifier. Use of the industrial calciner and a method of calcining particulate material with the industrial calciner are also described.

A steel strip annealing furnace with a dew point control system. The furnace/control system can be more readily controlled to the desired dew point than the prior art control system and can handle the set point changes required as different types of steel coils are continuously run therethrough.

A steel strip annealing furnace with a dew point control system. The furnace/control system can be more readily controlled to the desired dew point than the prior art control system and can handle the set point changes required as different types of steel coils are continuously run therethrough.