A heater includes a flow guide and a plurality of electrical resistance heating elements. The flow guide defines a continuous geometric helicoid disposed about a longitudinal axis of the heater assembly. The flow guide defines a predetermined pattern of perforations that extend in a longitudinal direction through a first longitudinal length of the geometric helicoid, the longitudinal direction being parallel to the longitudinal axis. The plurality of electrical resistance heating elements extend through the perforations. At least one electrical resistance heating element of the plurality of electrical resistance heating elements has a first region with a first watt density and a second region with a second watt density. The second region is located farther in the longitudinal direction than the first region. The second watt density is less than the first watt density.

A heater includes a flow guide and electrical resistance heating elements. The flow guide defines a continuous geometric helicoid disposed about a longitudinal axis and defines perforations that extend in a longitudinal direction through a first longitudinal length of the geometric helicoid. The first longitudinal length is less than a full longitudinal length of the geometric helicoid. The electrical resistance heating elements extend through the perforations. For each electrical resistance heating element, a length of that electrical resistance heating element and a pitch of the geometric helicoid at a distal end of that electrical resistance heating element are such that the distal end of that electrical resistance heating element is a distance X from the geometric helicoid at the distal end of that electrical resistance heating element. The distance X is less than or equal to 40% of the pitch at the distal end of that electrical resistance heating element.

A heater includes a flow guide and electrical resistance heating elements. The flow guide defines a continuous geometric helicoid disposed about a longitudinal axis and defines perforations that extend in a longitudinal direction through a first longitudinal length of the geometric helicoid. The first longitudinal length is less than a full longitudinal length of the geometric helicoid. The electrical resistance heating elements extend through the perforations. For each electrical resistance heating element, a length of that electrical resistance heating element and a pitch of the geometric helicoid at a distal end of that electrical resistance heating element are such that the distal end of that electrical resistance heating element is a distance X from the geometric helicoid at the distal end of that electrical resistance heating element. The distance X is less than or equal to 40% of the pitch at the distal end of that electrical resistance heating element.

A heat exchanger (HEX) for cooling air in a gas turbine engine is provided. The HEX may comprise a central manifold comprising an inlet portion, a first outlet portion, and a second outlet portion. The HEX may further comprise a plurality of tubes coupled to the central manifold, the plurality of tubes comprising at least a first tube, a second tube, a third tube, and a fourth tube, a shroud at least partially encasing said plurality of tubes, and a cooling air flow path defined by at least one of the shroud, the plurality of tubes, and an outer surface of the central manifold, wherein the cooling air flow path is orthogonal to said plurality of tubes.

A heat exchanger (HEX) for cooling air in a gas turbine engine is provided. The HEX may comprise a central manifold comprising an inlet portion, a first outlet portion, and a second outlet portion. The HEX may further comprise a plurality of tubes coupled to the central manifold, the plurality of tubes comprising at least a first tube, a second tube, a third tube, and a fourth tube, a shroud at least partially encasing said plurality of tubes, and a cooling air flow path defined by at least one of the shroud, the plurality of tubes, and an outer surface of the central manifold, wherein the cooling air flow path is orthogonal to said plurality of tubes.

A heat exchanger (HEX) for cooling air in a gas turbine engine is provided. An adjustable damper is provided. The adjustable damper may be for damping a movement of the HEX relative to the gas turbine engine. An adjustable damper may comprise: a first tube; a second tube located at least partially within the first tube; a housing coupled to the second tube; a moveable member, the moveable member comprising a contacting surface in contact with the second tube; an adjusting member adjustably coupled to the housing; and a spring member located between the moveable member and the adjusting member, the spring member configured to at least one of compress or decompress in response to adjusting member moving relative to the housing.

A heat exchanger (HEX) for cooling air in a gas turbine engine is provided. An adjustable damper is provided. The adjustable damper may be for damping a movement of the HEX relative to the gas turbine engine. An adjustable damper may comprise: a first tube; a second tube located at least partially within the first tube; a housing coupled to the second tube; a moveable member, the moveable member comprising a contacting surface in contact with the second tube; an adjusting member adjustably coupled to the housing; and a spring member located between the moveable member and the adjusting member, the spring member configured to at least one of compress or decompress in response to adjusting member moving relative to the housing.

A heater assembly includes a continuous series of perforated helical members and a plurality of electrical resistance heating elements. The perforated helical members cooperate to define a geometric helicoid disposed about a longitudinal axis of the heater assembly. Each perforated helical member defines opposed edges and a predetermined pattern of perforations. The perforations extend through each perforated helical member parallel to the longitudinal axis. The heating elements extend through the perforations.

A heater assembly includes a continuous series of perforated helical members and a plurality of electrical resistance heating elements. The perforated helical members cooperate to define a geometric helicoid disposed about a longitudinal axis of the heater assembly. Each perforated helical member defines opposed edges and a predetermined pattern of perforations. The perforations extend through each perforated helical member parallel to the longitudinal axis. The heating elements extend through the perforations.

The invention relates to a heat treatment device for heating liquid confectionery product, including: a shell body enclosing an interior space, a plurality of successive spaced apart segmental baffles in a segmented arrangement within the interior space, a bundle of heat exchange pipes within the interior space, the pipes extending through the segmental baffles, and an inlet through which to be heated liquid confectionery product is allowed to enter the interior space, and an outlet through which heated liquid confectionery product is allowed to exit the interior space, wherein the successive segmental baffles are arranged such as to form a flow channel extending between the inlet and the outlet, wherein the segmental baffles have a rectangular shape, and wherein the shell body has a rectangular internal cross-section, such that the flow channel has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape along its length. The invention further relates to a method for heating liquid confectionery product.