A sub-mass projectile for a standard, unmodified firearm, comprising a core formed from a malleable core material with at least a portion of the core material being a non-metal material. The core has a lower mass than a standard projectile for the standard, unmodified firearm. The core material has a mass and malleability that generates forces between the sub-mass projectile and the firearm that approximate operational forces of a standard mass projectile on the standard, unmodified firearm during operation.

A launcher for launching a projectile includes a launch piston for engaging and driving the projectile from the launcher and a launch brake that constrains the piston to enable separation of the piston from the projectile. The launch brake is configured to have minimal to no effect on projectile exit velocity and exit trajectory from the launcher. The launch brake is also configured to reduce the velocity of the launch piston via coupling of the masses of the launch piston and the launch brake. The coupling allows, separation of the projectile from the launch piston and reduces or prevents a negative effect on stabilization of the projectile upon exit from the launcher.

A launcher for launching a projectile includes a launch piston for engaging and driving the projectile from the launcher and a launch brake that constrains the piston to enable separation of the piston from the projectile. The launch brake is configured to have minimal to no effect on projectile exit velocity and exit trajectory from the launcher. The launch brake is also configured to reduce the velocity of the launch piston via coupling of the masses of the launch piston and the launch brake. The coupling allows, separation of the projectile from the launch piston and reduces or prevents a negative effect on stabilization of the projectile upon exit from the launcher.

The present invention relates to a multi-section barrel, fluid-propelled spinning ammunition, as well as a weapon system formed by them. The multi-section barrel adjusts the interaction between barrel and projectile through barrel shape to improve range and precision; the fluid propels the self-selected projectile to guide the fluid through and twist the projectile by arranging volute holes or volute grooves at the rear or tail of the projectile, so that the projectile forms spin through the action of the fluid without relying on rifling; the projectile can be used in combination with multi-section barrel, which can improve performance and reduce cost simultaneously.

An axisymmetric disk-shaped cartridge is provided for firing from a gun having a fluted bore. The cartridge is initiated by a firing pin and includes a primer core, a propellant charge, a booster charge, a projectile mass, an ablative cap and a ductile metal coating. The projectile mass is disposed over the booster charge while the ablative cap is disposed over the projectile mass. The coating and mass elongate and radially narrow to maintain axial symmetry while being accelerated along the bore.

A launch canister for non-lethal pellets may be used to simulate the use of both personal and anti-personnel weapons. The canister features at least two components, an inner core and outer shell, that are nested and both featuring a plurality of launch bores. Gaskets ring the outside surface of the components, but have slight interface with the internal bores. The gaskets then hold a stack of pellets within each bore until the canister is placed in a launch device and the payload released.

A launch canister for non-lethal pellets may be used to simulate the use of both personal and anti-personnel weapons. The canister features at least two components, an inner core and outer shell, that are nested and both featuring a plurality of launch bores. Gaskets ring the outside surface of the components, but have slight interface with the internal bores. The gaskets then hold a stack of pellets within each bore until the canister is placed in a launch device and the payload released.

A method of modifying a firearm barrel comprising the steps of milling an existing barrel to create a sloped area with a larger diameter at a chamber end and a small action moving toward the muzzle end; placing an barrel nut on the barrel; placing a chamber bushing having a step with the step disposed at the chamber end; placing a brass pressing guide on the barrel and placing the barrel assemble with brass press guide and rear jacket tube in a press to press fit these components together; placing a gas block on the barrel adjacent to the rear jacket tube pressing the components tougher using the press; placing a front jacket tube on the barrel adjacent to the gas block and pressing the components tougher using the press; covering the threads of the barrel and placing a pour guide on the barrel; filling a void defined between the front jacket tube, rear jacket tube and barrel with a filler; placing a centering device on the barrel so that it is operatively associated with the front jacket tube to center the barrel in the front jacket tube while the filler is curing; placing a muzzle brake cap on the barrel and pressing the muzzle cap into the front jacket tube using the press; and, attacking a muzzle brake.

A method of modifying a firearm barrel comprising the steps of milling an existing barrel to create a sloped area with a larger diameter at a chamber end and a small action moving toward the muzzle end; placing an barrel nut on the barrel; placing a chamber bushing having a step with the step disposed at the chamber end; placing a brass pressing guide on the barrel and placing the barrel assemble with brass press guide and rear jacket tube in a press to press fit these components together; placing a gas block on the barrel adjacent to the rear jacket tube pressing the components tougher using the press; placing a front jacket tube on the barrel adjacent to the gas block and pressing the components tougher using the press; covering the threads of the barrel and placing a pour guide on the barrel; filling a void defined between the front jacket tube, rear jacket tube and barrel with a filler; placing a centering device on the barrel so that it is operatively associated with the front jacket tube to center the barrel in the front jacket tube while the filler is curing; placing a muzzle brake cap on the barrel and pressing the muzzle cap into the front jacket tube using the press; and, attacking a muzzle brake.

A specialized underwater pistol with ammunition includes one or more of barrel expansions to shape the pattern of the plural shot pieces expelled from a pistol cartridge when the pistol is fired, an aerodynamic trigger cam or spur, flushing ports, a wide trigger pull, a wide hammer spur, a cartridge shot carrier with a frangible end, and cartridge sealant.