A valve arrangement for a cylinder of an internal combustion engine arrangement includes a check valve configured to be positioned at an intake side port of the cylinder for controlling gas flow into the cylinder, wherein the valve arrangement further includes an intake valve arrangement positioned upstream from the check valve, and an actuating arrangement configured to controllably position the intake valve arrangement for closing the intake side port.

A method for cleaning an exhaust valve of a two-stroke internal combustion engine is provided. The method comprises: requesting an exhaust valve cleaning cycle if at least one of a first condition or a second condition is satisfied; initiating the exhaust valve cleaning cycle if at least one of a third condition or a fourth condition is satisfied; and aborting the exhaust valve cleaning cycle if at least one of the at least one of the third or fourth conditions is no longer satisfied. The first condition is a time elapsed since a previous cleaning cycle has been completed being greater than a predetermined time. The second condition is a rate of opening of the exhaust valve being less than predetermined rate. The third condition is a throttle valve being closed. The fourth condition is an engine speed being less than a predetermined engine speed.

An exhaust valve assembly for a two-stroke internal combustion engine has a valve actuator, and a two-part valve having a primary and secondary valves defining first and second decompression passages respectively. The primary valve is operatively connected to the valve actuator. The primary valve is in first, second and third primary valve positions when the valve actuator is in first, second and third actuator positions respectively. The secondary valve is in a first secondary valve position when the valve actuator is in the first or the second actuator position and in a second secondary valve position when the valve actuator is in the third actuator position. The first and second valve decompression passages fluidly communicate with each other when the valve actuator is in the second actuator position, and are fluidly separate from each other when the valve actuator is the first or the third actuator position.

Internal combustion engines having a split crankshaft are disclosed. The engines may also have non-circular, preferably rectangular, cross-section pistons and cylinders. The pistons may include a skirt with a field of pockets that provide a ringless, non-lubricated, seal equivalent. The pistons also may have a domed piston head with depressions thereon to facilitate the movement of air/charge in the cylinder. The engines also may use multi-stage poppet valves in lieu of conventional poppet valves. The engines may use the pumping motion of the engine piston to supercharge the cylinder with air/charge. The engines also may operate in an inverted orientation in which the piston is closer to the local gravitationally dominant terrestrial body's center of gravity at top dead center position than at bottom dead center position.

A reed valve module includes a module body and a reed petal. The module body includes a seating surface located on a first side of the module body and a sealing face located on a second side the module body. The reed petal is positioned adjacent to the second side of the module body and adapted to seal against the sealing face when the reed petal is in a closed position, wherein the reed valve module is a self-contained modular unit that is adapted to be inserted into a receiving cavity of a modular reed valve assembly such that the seating surface is positioned adjacent to a retaining surface of the modular reed valve assembly and an interfacing surface of the reed valve module is positioned adjacent to a second retaining surface of the modular reed valve assembly, and wherein the reed valve module is adapted to be captured and retained within the modular reed valve assembly between the first and second retaining surfaces.

Reed valve modules and corresponding reed valve assemblies are disclosed. In one embodiment, the reed valve module includes a body having a single or a plurality of sealing faces, a seat and flow passages from the seat to the sealing face(s). The reed valve module also includes one or a plurality of petals. In some embodiments, the module further includes a petal guard. Novel reed valve assemblies are disclosed incorporating the reed valve modules. One embodiment of the reed valve assembly includes a seat with a plurality of fluid conduits, a retainer plate with a plurality of fluid conduits and a means for receiving recesses between the seat plate and retainer plate. Other devices, systems, and methods related to reed valve modules and valve assemblies are also disclosed.

An anti-reversion system, a reed valve system, a reed valve as an anti-reversion apparatus, an engine assembly, and methods of use are presented. This disclosure relates to an anti-reversion system, a reed valve system, a reed valve as an anti-reversion apparatus, an engine assembly, and methods of use. More specifically, and without limitation, the present disclosure relates to a reed valve implementation in an internal combustion engine. More specifically, and without limitation, the present disclosure relates to an internal combustion engine with increased fuel efficiency and higher power output and responsiveness. More specifically, and without limitation, the present disclosure relates to a reed valve utilized as an anti-reversion system in an internal combustion engine.

In a cylinder lubrication system for a two-stroke engine, a plurality of lubricating oil supply openings (78) open out in the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder (42) at a point lower than a top ring (22b) of a piston (22) located at a bottom dead center. The lubricating oil supply openings are configured to provide a larger amount of lubricating oil in the thrust side and anti-thrust side of the cylinder than in a remaining part of the cylinder. Thereby, the consumption of lubricating oil and the emission of undesired substances can be minimized while providing an optimum lubrication of the sliding part between the piston and the cylinder.

Improvements to the steam engine for the purpose of small scale generation of electricity using biomass fuels and for co-generation of heat and electricity using biomass fuels in both developed and less developed countries are described. The engine is particularly well adapted to co-generation where the thermal load, as in building heating and many process applications, is extremely variable, because of its ability to operate efficiently under partial load. For the same reason, it would be suited to solar generated steam. Experiments have been conducted with steam as the working fluid. The design may in some or all respects be applied to other working fluids.

An internal combustion engine (10) includes at least one cylinder (12) having a piston, and a cylinder head containing an inlet duct (3) incorporating an inlet valve 1 to allow flow in only one direction and an exhaust duct incorporating no mechanical flow restricting device and at least one chamber valve (2) through which both inlet and exhaust fluids pass from the ducts (3,4) into and out of the cylinder (12), and a combustion chamber (6) in the cylinder (12) that allows the chamber valve (2) to be significantly open when the piston (5) is at top dead centre enabling a transfer of fluid, fluid flow pressure and pressure waves between the cylinder, and the inlet (3) and exhaust ducts (4).