A method of exercising a generator includes detecting a temperature of the generator by a temperature sensor, if the temperature of the generator is above a predetermined temperature, activating, by a controller, a starter motor of the generator, and performing, by the controller, an exercise test, and if the temperature of the generator is below the predetermined temperature, not activating, by the controller, the starter motor.

A sensor assembly for a position sensor is provided. The sensor assembly comprises a data sensor and a communication sensor. The data sensor has a first printed circuit board and the first printed circuit board has a plurality of sensor elements disposed on a first side of the first printed circuit board. The first printed circuit board has a swing angle sensing unit and an inclination sensing unit. The communication sensor is electrically connected to the data sensor. The communication sensor has a second printed circuit board. The second printed circuit board is aligned such that the second printed circuit board faces a second side of the first printed circuit board.

A sensor assembly for a position sensor is provided. The sensor assembly comprises a data sensor and a communication sensor. The data sensor has a first printed circuit board and the first printed circuit board has a plurality of sensor elements disposed on a first side of the first printed circuit board. The first printed circuit board has a swing angle sensing unit and an inclination sensing unit. The communication sensor is electrically connected to the data sensor. The communication sensor has a second printed circuit board. The second printed circuit board is aligned such that the second printed circuit board faces a second side of the first printed circuit board.

An injection control device includes: a fuel injection quantity command value output unit that outputs a command value for a fuel injection quantity of a fuel injection valve; and a controller that executes current control on the fuel injection valve. The controller executes current area correction by calculating an area correction amount for an energization time to cause an integrated current value of an energization current profile and the integrated current value of a current to be equal to each other. Correction control of the current area correction is changed based on a detection signal of a cooling water temperature of an internal combustion engine.

An injection control device includes: a fuel injection quantity command value output unit that outputs a command value for a fuel injection quantity of a fuel injection valve; and a controller that executes current control on the fuel injection valve. The controller executes current area correction by calculating an area correction amount for an energization time to cause an integrated current value of an energization current profile and the integrated current value of a current to be equal to each other. Correction control of the current area correction is changed based on a detection signal of a cooling water temperature of an internal combustion engine.

An imbalance detection device is provided. An obtainment process includes obtaining a rotation waveform variable based on a detection value of a sensor that detects a rotational behavior of a crankshaft, and an air-fuel ratio detection variable in each of a plurality of first intervals. A calculation process includes calculating an imbalance variable based on an output of a mapping having a value obtained by the obtainment process as an input. The imbalance variable indicates a degree of variations in an air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine. The rotation waveform variable indicates a difference between instantaneous speed variables that are variables corresponding to the rotational speed of the crankshaft in each of the second intervals.

An imbalance detection device is provided. An obtainment process includes obtaining a rotation waveform variable based on a detection value of a sensor that detects a rotational behavior of a crankshaft, and an air-fuel ratio detection variable in each of a plurality of first intervals. A calculation process includes calculating an imbalance variable based on an output of a mapping having a value obtained by the obtainment process as an input. The imbalance variable indicates a degree of variations in an air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine. The rotation waveform variable indicates a difference between instantaneous speed variables that are variables corresponding to the rotational speed of the crankshaft in each of the second intervals.

A device for controlling driving of a vehicle includes: a detector to acquire driving information, driver information, and surrounding environment information about the vehicle, and a controller to determine whether to activate a safety driving mode based on at least one of the driving information, driver information, and surrounding environment information about the vehicle, and to determine whether to maintain the safety driving mode state based on a vehicle state after the activation of the safety driving mode. Thus, the device may support a safety driving of the vehicle by restricting a speed of the vehicle even when the driver incorrectly operates an accelerator pedal in place of a brake pedal of the vehicle.

A method for programming an internal combustion engine control unit includes operating a test internal combustion engine at a first speed and a first torque while simulating a condition of the test internal combustion engine by restricting a flow of air to the test internal combustion engine to simulate altitude variations of the test internal combustion engine or elevating a temperature of the flow of air to simulate ambient temperature variations of the test internal combustion engine. The method also includes measuring engine performance information while operating the test internal combustion engine at the first speed and first torque and while simulating the condition of the test internal combustion engine, and programming the internal combustion engine control unit by storing the measured engine performance information in a memory associated with the internal combustion engine control unit.

New and/or alternative approaches to determine mass flow using a flow measurement device in a pulsatile flow context. The flow measurement device is configured to generate a delta-pressure measurement. A semi-physical valve model is generated for the flow measurement device, and the delta-pressure measurement is then is isolated using the model. A discharge coefficient map is determined for the flow measurement device by testing using sets of operating parameters for a system. The operating parameters of the system are then used to determine the discharge coefficient for use in estimating mass flow with the semi-physical valve model. The resultant estimated mass flow can be used to control the system, and a Factor of Effective Area estimate generated using the valve model can be used to determine the status of the flow measurement device and identify or predict a need for maintenance.