An external fuel pump and a valve seat for the fuel pump are provided. The valve seat includes a valve body. One side of the valve seat body is provided with an installation chamber for installing a valve body, and the other side of the valve seat body is an oil separator. The oil separator is connected to an outer wall of the installation chamber. The external fuel pump includes the valve seat and a fuel chamber constituted by a housing and a cover. The valve seat body is located in the fuel chamber, the oil separator of the valve seat body is located at a lower portion of an exhaust port provided on the cover. An anti-flip mechanism is provided between the exhaust port and the oil separator. The valve seat is multi-functional and convenient to install with less space and fewer components, which reduces costs.

A fuel demand valve that opens with minimal engine suction pressure. The fuel demand valve has an inlet housing and an outlet housing with a valve door in the outlet housing that moves to allow flow through the valve when exposed to a pressure difference sufficient to overcome a spring internal to the outlet housing. The inlet housing includes a shelf, and two gaskets, one large and one small, are disposed between the shelf and the valve door such that they define different surface areas on the valve door. The different surface areas define the amount of force required to be exerted on the valve door for fuel to flow when exposed to fuel supply and engine suction pressures. The different surface areas provide a mechanical advantage whereby lower suction pressure from the engine exerts the same force as a higher fuel supply pressure on the valve door enabling lower fuel pressure operation.

A fuel line check valve system and a fuel system that includes the fuel line diaphragm valve system are described. The fuel line diaphragm valve system may prevent flow into a fuel system that is generated via a vacuum in the fuel system. The fuel line diaphragm valve may also remain in an open state after it is open via a reduced pressure.

A liquid container according to the present invention includes: a container 2 temporarily storing a fuel; and a drain unit 3 discharging the fuel from a communication hole 11 provided at a lower portion of the container 2, and the drain unit 3 includes a valve body 15 formed of metal with higher strength and hardness than those of the container 2 made of resin, including a drain passage establishing communication between the communication hole 11 and outside and a valve seat facing the drain passage, which are formed therein, and detachably fixed to the container 2, and a drain screw 16 having a valve element attached to the valve body 15 for opening and closing the drain passage by being separated from or abutting the valve seat.

An improved ball valve for use between dual fuel tanks having a non-circular outlet aperture leading to the fuel line and engine that can allow fuel to pass therethrough even when the ball contained within the valve rests in the opening of the outlet aperture.

A fuel heating apparatus including a heat exchanger body having a first removable end plate, a main body, and a second removable end plate opposite the first removable end plate. The first and second removable end plates are secured to opposing sides of the heat exchanger main body by a plurality of threaded fasteners. The first removable end plate includes a fuel inlet line and a thermal fluid inlet line, and the second removable end plate includes a fuel outlet line and a thermal fluid outlet line. The main body includes a plurality of interior first fluid pathways and a plurality of interior thermal fluid pathways defined therein, the interior first fluid pathways being responsible for connecting the fuel inlet line to the fuel outlet line and the interior thermal fluid pathways being responsible for connecting the thermal fluid inlet line to the thermal fluid outlet line.

Systems and methods for supplying primary fuel and secondary fuel to an internal combustion engine may include supplying a first amount of the primary fuel and a second amount of the secondary fuel to the internal combustion engine. The system may include a first manifold to provide primary fuel to the internal combustion engine, and a primary valve associated with the first manifold to provide fluid flow between a primary fuel source and the internal combustion engine. A second manifold may provide secondary fuel to the internal combustion engine, and a fuel pump and/or a secondary valve may provide fluid flow between a secondary fuel source and the internal combustion engine. A controller may determine a total power load, the first amount of primary fuel, and the second amount of secondary fuel to supply to the internal combustion engine to meet the total power load.

A fuel pressurization device configured to pressure-feed starting fuel to an engine. The fuel pressurization device includes a fuel chamber forming portion including a fuel chamber to which the fuel is supplied from the pump and whose internal volume is variable, and a spring configured to bias the fuel chamber forming portion so as to reduce the volume of the fuel chamber and to pressure-feed the fuel in the fuel chamber.

Oxidizer and fuel supply system for internal combustion engines, which includes oxygen supplies for the engines, particle filters, oxygen generators using nanofilters, pressurized oxygen bottles and air compressors, O2 loading media, by means of bottles, carboys or interchangeable tanks or hoses, Complementary means of nanomolecular membrane filters that separate O2 from air, performing the separation by means of aspiration or suction from the combustion engine or the suction or impulsion of a pump or compressor driven by an electric motor or mechanically by the combustion engine itself; Storage means for the separated or obtained O2; means for controlling the variable fuel/O2 mixture by means of a processor or an ECU (engine control unit); and as fuel: synthetic fuel, hydrocarbons, alcohols or hydrogen.

Fuel reform apparatus includes: internal combustion engine including injector and configured so that compression-ignition combustion is carried out in combustion chamber; reform unit interposed in fuel supply path from fuel tank to injector and including reformer reforming fuel stored in fuel tank by oxidation reaction; ignition timing detector detecting ignition timing of fuel in combustion chamber; and controller including CPU and memory. Controller performs: determining whether fuel has been supplied into fuel tank; determining whether reforming is needed based on ignition timing when it is determined that fuel has been supplied; controlling operation of reform unit so as to reform fuel stored in fuel tank to supply to injector when it is determined that reforming is needed; and controlling operation of reform unit so as to supply fuel stored in fuel tank to injector without reforming when it is determined that reforming is not needed.