The present disclosure describes methods and systems for generating electricity. A method of generating electricity can include evaporating water with a low grade heat source to form low-temperature steam. The low-temperature steam can be superheated to a superheated temperature by transferring heat to the low-temperature steam from a thermal energy storage that is at a temperature higher than the superheated temperature. A steam turbine generator can be powered with the superheated steam to generate electricity. The thermal energy storage can be recharged using electricity from an intermittent electricity source.

A turbo generator is configured to allow the turbine to be assembled to the generator, calibrated, and then shipped, stored, and installed as a generator/turbine unit. The turbine shroud is formed as a separate component from a turbine casing that defines an inlet volute and inlet and outlet connections to working fluid conduits of a Rankine cycle system. The inlet and outlet on the turbine casing can be permanently connected to the associated working fluid conduits by welding or other low-cost, sealed, permanent connection, and the generator/turbine assembly can be separated from the turbine casing while the turbine casing is permanently connected to the working fluid conduits.

A system includes a combustion power plant for generating power and an electrolysis unit for producing hydrogen. The combustion power plant has a combustion chamber for combustion of a fuel and an offgas conduit for leading off hot offgases formed in the combustion of the fuel. The offgas conduit is thermally coupled to the electrolysis unit. A method for operating the system includes burning the fuel in the combustion power plant, forming the hot offgases in the combustion of the fuel, removing the hot offgases through the offgas conduit, feeding the thermal energy of the hot offgases from the offgas conduit to the electrolysis unit, and producing hydrogen in the electrolysis unit by using the thermal energy from the hot offgases.

A gas turbine engine comprising a housing coupled to an upstream source of hot gas and superheated water droplets, the housing having a centerline, an annular bay section positioned radially away from the centerline and protruding in an upstream direction, a rotatable shaft positioned along the centerline, a fluid mover coupled to the rotating shaft and positioned to receive the hot gas and superheated water droplets from the upstream source and to move the hot gas and superheated water droplets radially toward the annular bay section of the housing, a separator plate that is fixedly coupled to the housing; and an extractive turbine assembly positioned downstream from the separator plate and the annular bay section. The superheated water droplets mix thoroughly with the hot gas inside the annular bay section causing the water droplets to covert to steam, and the steam flows to the extractive turbine, increasing an efficiency of turbine rotation.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to steam cycle methods, systems, and apparatus for efficiently reducing carbon footprints in plant systems. In one aspect, a cycle is conducted in a plant system to collect CO.sub.2. In one aspect, a cycle is conducted in a plant system to recycle energy. The plant system includes one or more of a power production system, a refining system, and/or a petrochemical processing system.

A method for optimizing energy conversion installation service measures, wherein the energy conversion installation has at least the following machines: at least one gas turbine; at least one generator; and optionally at least one steam turbine; wherein repairs are carried out on the at least one machine, in particular a defective component or defective components of the at least one machine either is/are or will be replaced by a new, identical component or new, identical components and/or repaired; and wherein, while carrying out these repairs, further measures for extending the service life of machines or the components thereof and/or further measures for optimizing machines or the components thereof are carried out.

An energy storage system includes: a reformer configured to receive natural gas and steam and to output reformed natural gas; a combustion turbine configured to output heated sweep gas; and a molten carbonate electrolyzer cell (“MCEC”) including: an MCEC anode, and an MCEC cathode configured to receive the heated sweep gas from the combustion turbine. The energy storage system is configured such that: when no excess power is available, the combustion turbine receives the reformed natural gas from the reformer, and when excess power is available, the MCEC operates in a hydrogen-generation mode in which the MCEC anode receives the reformed natural gas from the reformer, and outputs MCEC anode exhaust that contains hydrogen.

A method for controlling emissions from a power plant having an ammonia injection grid that includes a plurality of ammonia injection points includes the steps of injecting ammonia into a flow of exhaust gas at an injection location, the injection of ammonia defining a spatial distribution of ammonia across an exhaust gas flowpath, measuring at least one parameter of the exhaust gas downstream from the injection location, comparing a measured value for the at least one parameter of the exhaust gas to a threshold value for the at least one parameter and, if the measured value for the at least one parameter exceeds the threshold value for the at least one parameter, automatically modifying the spatial distribution of ammonia injection across the exhaust gas flowpath.

A system includes a retention system configured to support a heat exchanger along a flow path within a duct. The retention system includes a first sleeve configured to extend between opposite first and second walls of the duct, a first cable extending through the first sleeve, and a first bumper coupled to the first sleeve. The first bumper is configured to contact the heat exchanger. The retention system includes a first tensioner coupled to the first cable, wherein the first tensioner is configured to provide a first tension in the first cable. The first tension is adjustable to detune the natural frequency of the heat exchanger away from any excitation load frequencies caused by an exhaust gas flow through the duct.

Apparatus, systems, and methods store energy by liquefying a gas such as air, for example, and then recover the energy by regasifying the liquid and combusting or otherwise reacting the gas with a fuel to drive a heat engine. The process of liquefying the gas may be powered with electric power from the grid, for example, and the heat engine may be used to generate electricity. Hence, in effect these apparatus, systems, and methods may provide for storing electric power from the grid and then subsequently delivering it back to the grid.