A self-adjusting clutch actuator includes a transmission element displaceable in a displacement direction; and a compensation mechanism having a piston displaceable in the displacement direction of the transmission element. The compensation mechanism allows a first relative displacement (X) of the transmission element relative to the piston in the displacement direction when there is no actuating force in the clutch actuator, and blocks the first relative displacement (X) when an actuating force is introduced into the clutch actuator by bringing a frictional element (4) into contact with a counter-element. The frictional element (4) is designed for a second relative displacement (Y) relative to the counter-element when the first relative displacement (X) is not blocked by the compensation mechanism (22). A translatory mechanism provided between the transmission element (1) and the piston (2) is designed to cause the second relative movement (Y), by the first relative displacement (X) relative to the counter-element.

A shifting system includes an input member, a disconnect, an output member, and a shifting assembly to selectively rotationally couple the input member and the output member. The shifting assembly includes an input hub having a disconnectable component engageable with the disconnect and a clutch engagement component extending radially away from an axis. A plurality of clutch plates is coupled to the clutch engagement component and is moveable between engaged and disengaged positions. A biasing member is coupled to the clutch plates to bias the clutch plates toward the engaged position, and an apply plate is coupled to the biasing member. The apply plate is moveable between a first plate position where the clutch plates are in the engaged position, and a second plate position where the clutch plates are in the disengaged position. A clutch plate carrier is coupled to the clutch plates and to the output member.

The disc spring is a disc spring for being fitted on a rotary shaft and includes: an annular body portion; a claw portion protruding inward in a radial direction from an inner peripheral edge of the body portion, wherein the claw portion gradually extends toward one side in an axial direction as it goes inward in the radial direction, and at least a tip part of the claw portion is provided with a hole.

A wet-type multi plate clutch having a obtaining hydraulic chamber, which is capable of increasing a fuel consumption efficiency by reducing a load of an oil pump for clutch oil for engaging the clutch and which realizes a simplified structure by eliminating a necessity of a canceller chamber. A disk spring 46 is, at its outer peripheral part, is supported by a clutch drum 10 and contacts, at its inner peripheral part, with a spring presser part 12-1 of the piston 12. The disk spring 46 faces, at the side opposite the piston 12, with clutch pack 20. A forward movement of the piston 12 by operating pressure in a hydraulic chamber is transmitted to the clutch pack 20 via the disk spring 46, resulting in an engaged condition of the clutch pack 20. A driving force of the piston 12 by the hydraulic oil pressure is boosted under a lever ratio a/b of the disk spring 46 and is transmitted to the clutch pack 20. The disk spring 46 to the spring presser part 12-1 without obstructing the slide movement of the piston 12 of obtaining an increased radial length of the spring, resulting in an increased return force of the spring 46 for a positive reverse movement of the piston 12 for obtaining a disengaged condition of the clutch.

Bone compression systems for internal fixation of bone portions include one or more spring washers having ultra high load capacity and ultra low displacement to close diminution gaps that develop in a discontinuity between the bone portions after fixation. The spring washers may be included in implant systems with bone screws and/or bone plates.

A double clutch assembly includes: first and second pressure plates and first and second disks disposed at both sides of a center plate, a connecting plate to receive an engine torque, a cover plate disposed fixedly coupled with the center plate, a pulling cover transmitting a pressurizing force to the second pressure plate, a first diaphragm spring introducing an axial direction displacement to the first pressure plate, a second diaphragm spring introducing an axial direction displacement of the cover plate, a guide plate to guide the second diaphragm spring in an axial direction, and a pulling connector that is disposed between the connecting plate and the second pressure plate, connected to the pulling cover, moves integrally with the pulling cover along the axial direction, and forms a line-contact with the second pressure plate to transmit the pressurizing force.

A disc spring assembly comprises a disc spring support having a radially outer surface and a plurality of annular disc springs arranged in a stack over the radially outer surface of the disc spring support. Each annular disc spring comprises a substantially frusto-conical or dished shape and has a radially inner edge region mounted on the radially outer surface of the disc spring support and a radially outer edge region. At least one separator disc is arranged between two axially adjacent disc springs and has a radially outer portion having opposed axially facing surfaces for receiving the radially outer edge regions of the two axially adjacent disc springs. The radially outer portion of the separator disc have at least one drainage passage for allowing drainage of a liquid from a cavity between the disc springs.

A transmission includes an input shaft coupled to a prime mover, a countershaft, main shaft, and an output shaft, with gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. A shift actuator selectively couples the input shaft to the main shaft by rotatably coupling gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. The shift actuator is mounted on an exterior wall of a housing including the countershaft and the main shaft. An integrated actuator housing is operationally coupled to the shift actuator and a linear clutch actuator. The linear clutch actuator is a self-adjusting actuator, and the transmission includes a self-adjusting clutch.

A transmission includes an input shaft coupled to a prime mover, a countershaft, main shaft, and an output shaft, with gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. A shift actuator selectively couples the input shaft to the main shaft by rotatably coupling gears between the countershaft and the main shaft. The shift actuator is mounted on an exterior wall of a housing including the countershaft and the main shaft. An integrated actuator housing is operationally coupled to the shift actuator and a linear clutch actuator. The linear clutch actuator is a self-adjusting actuator, and the transmission includes a self-adjusting clutch.

Bone compression systems for internal fixation of bone portions include one or more spring washers having ultra high load capacity and ultra low displacement to close diminution gaps that develop in a discontinuity between the bone portions after fixation. The spring washers, individually or in stacks of up to four, provide installation loads between 1500 N and 4000 N. After closing diminution gaps, the spring washers or stacks provide sustained loads between 1000 N and 3000 N which stabilize the bone portions sufficiently to permit early load bearing. The sustained loads correspond to sustained average local bone stress just below the bone growth trigger threshold stress. The additional loads of early load bearing will create average local bone stress above the bone growth trigger threshold. By bone stress repeatedly passing through the bone growth trigger threshold stress, bone healing is optimized.