A belt-type continuously variable transmission includes an actual gear ratio calculation unit for calculating an actual gear ratio based on the rotation speed of a drive pulley and the rotation speed of a driven pulley, a reference gear ratio calculation unit for calculating a reference gear ratio by modifying the actual gear ratio based on an input torque and a driven pulley hydraulic pressure, and a condition determination unit for, in a case where the target gear ratio is an overdrive gear ratio, determining that at least part of rings of a belt is missing when the reference gear ratio is greater than or equal to a predetermined gear ratio and a drive pulley hydraulic pressure is greater than or equal to a predetermined hydraulic pressure.

A diagnostic system of a vehicle for diagnosing a drive belt of a continuously variable transmission. A diagnostic circuit detects or predicts a fault of the drive belt based on an operating parameter received from a sensor associated with the vehicle during a predetermined diagnostic period.

A vehicle includes an engine, a continuously variable transmission including an endless belt to output a power from the engine, and a transmission to which the power from the continuously variable transmission is transmitted. If the vehicle travel speed is not smaller than a first threshold value and an accelerator opening degree is not smaller than a second threshold value, a controller determines that the continuously variable transmission is being used in a belt high-load situation. If a travel distance in the belt high-load situation is not smaller than a third threshold value, the controller determines that the endless belt is deteriorated or deterioration thereof is in an advanced stage, and a deterioration message about the endless belt is displayed on a display based on an instruction from the controller. A situation in which a speed changing ratio of the continuously variable transmission is not greater than a fourth threshold value may be determined as the belt high-load situation.

A work vehicle locking differential energy management system includes axle speed sensors for monitoring the rotational speeds of axle half-shafts. The axle half-shafts are coupled through a locking differential, which contains a differential clutch mechanism. A processing subsystem is configured to: (i) when the locking differential is placed in a locked state, calculate a differential lock force applied to the clutch mechanism, and calculate a differential slip speed from a disparity in the rotational speeds of the axle half-shafts; (ii) estimate an internal temperature of the clutch mechanism based, at least in part, on the differential lock force and the differential slip speed; (iii) detect differential overtemperature events during which the internal temperature of the clutch mechanism exceeds a first critical temperature threshold; and (iv) perform at least one differential overtemperature action in response to detection of a differential overtemperature event.

A drive system for driving a belt is presented. The system comprises a frame, a driving shaft connected to a motor, a controller, a driven shaft, two pulleys connected to the driven and driving shafts, and a belt. The frame supports the driving and driven shafts to mount the belt on the pulleys. A signal element is mounted on and drives with the belt. At least two detection elements are mounted on the frame so that when the signal element passes the detection elements, a signal is generated as the belt moves. The detector elements are connected to a controller which controls the motor so that when the system starts, the belt moves until the signal element generates a signal in a first detector element to fix a zero point of the belt movement. The signal of the second detector element checks the zero point during normal drive operation.

An apparatus for diagnosing remaining belt life is configured to diagnose the remaining life of a belt driven by an engine. The remaining life of the belt is diagnosed based on frequency distribution of an operation point that is made up of speed of the engine and a load factor of the engine or a fuel injection rate. This makes it possible to achieve accurate diagnosis of the remaining life of the belt.

A drive transmission device is provided with a drive pulley driven by a motor, a driven pulley in which a bulging part crowned in a shape bulging outward in the radial direction is formed over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface, a belt wound around the drive pulley and the driven pulley, and a first measurement unit for measuring rotation unevenness of the drive pulley. The drive pulley has a uniform diameter in the axial direction which is a smaller diameter than that of the driven pulley. The belt is bent and deformed along the bulging part of the driven pulley so that the axial center portion is expanded outward the axial end portion. The axial end of the belt contacts the outer peripheral surface of the drive pulley, but does not contact the outer peripheral surface of the driven pulley.

A polymeric product with at least one surface subject to wear or abrasion, at least a portion of which product includes microcapsules of an indicator substance which is released to indicate a state of wear has been reached. The microencapsulated indicator substance may be a fragrance or a colorant. The indicating portion or zone may be a layer or a thin sheet of microcapsules in rubber or in the polymeric material making up the body of the product. There may be more than one indicating layer or zone in the product. The various zones may contain different fragrances or colorants, which may provide progressive indication of the state of wear.

A diagnostic apparatus includes a control unit configured to control a diagnostic operation for driving a belt, a first tension calculation unit configured to perform, based on data obtained from the diagnostic operation, a calculation to estimate a first belt tension value that is a tension value of the belt when the belt is not worn, a second tension calculation unit configured to calculate a second belt tension value in a case where a tension reduction factor of the belt and a wear factor of the belt are included, and a third tension calculation unit configured to calculate the degree of wear of the belt based on the first belt tension value and the second belt tension value. Accordingly, the diagnostic apparatus can support estimation of the degree of wear of a belt or abnormality diagnosis.

A control device for an automatic transmission is provided, which includes a friction engagement element, and a processor configured to execute gear change control logic configured to control a gear change operation by supplying and discharging hydraulic fluid for forming a gear stage to/from the friction engagement element, and lubricant supply control logic configured to control to switching operation of a supply amount of lubricant to the friction engagement element according to an operating state of a vehicle. The processor controls the gear change operation and the switching operation to not overlap with one another.