A composite storage tank may include a wall structure including at least three regions including an inner region, an outer region, and at least one permeation barrier. Another region may be optionally incorporated for venting potential permeation of fluids. The at least one permeation barrier and/or the venting layer may be strategically positioned between the inner region and the outer region to reduce or at least partially prevent fluid permeation of the inner region or the outer region. A vehicle may include such a composite storage tank. Methods of forming a composite fluid storage tank may include forming an inner composite region, applying a permeation barrier to an outer surface of the inner composite region, forming an outer composite region, and curing the inner composite region and the outer composite region with the permeation barrier to form the composite fluid storage tank.

A vessel includes a heat exchanger for heat-exchanging compressed boil-off gas (hereinafter, referred to as first fluid) by using, as a refrigerant, the boil-off gas discharged from a storage tank, to cool the same; a main compression part for compressing a part of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank; a rest compression part provided in parallel to the main compression part so as to compress the other part of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank; and a decompression device for expanding the first fluid having been cooled by exchanging heat with the boil-off gas, which is discharged from the storage tank, in the heat exchanger. The first fluid is a flow in which the boil-off gas compressed by the main compression part and the boil-off gas compressed by the rest compression part join; or the boil-off gas compressed by the main compression part.

A compressed gas energy storage system may include an accumulator for containing a layer of compressed gas atop a layer of liquid. A gas conduit may have an upper end in communication with a gas compressor/expander subsystem and a lower end in communication with accumulator interior for conveying compressed gas into the compressed gas layer of the accumulator when in use. A shaft may have an interior for containing a quantity of a liquid and may be fluidly connectable to a liquid source/sink via a liquid supply conduit. A partition may cover may separate the accumulator interior from the shaft interior. An internal accumulator force may act on the inner surface of the partition and the liquid within the shaft may exert an external counter force on the outer surface of the partition, whereby a net force acting on the partition is less than the accumulator force.

An LNG carrier which uses natural gas generated by vaporization of LNG as propulsive fuel and including cargo tank, spray apparatus, and carrier communication device; land-based equipment including land-based communication device and processing device; processing device including: first vapor quantity estimating section which estimates total quantity of natural vapor generated from the LNG remaining in the cargo tank in a case where the LNG carrier is traveling on planned ballast course, based on sea weather data; a second vapor quantity estimating section which estimates a total quantity of spray vapor generated by performing spraying operations in a case where the LNG carrier is traveling on planned ballast course, based on the sea weather data; and heel quantity calculating section which calculates required heel quantity, by summing the total quantity of natural vapor and spray vapor, and the land-based communication device transmits the required heel quantity to the carrier communication device.

The present invention utilize a combination of wooden elements (20, 21), stainless steel membranes (22) and insulating materials in embodiments of the present invention. An object of the present invention is to be able to build the LNG tank separately from the building of the ship, and fit a complete or nearly complete LNG tank into the space of the ship hull when appropriate during the process of building the ship. Therefore, the building of the tank and the ship can be done in parallel, which by experience reduces the total time of building the ship considerably, and hence provide substantial cost savings.

A cryogenic liquid tank (1) includes a reservoir (5) that includes a bottom portion (5a, 5a1, or 5a2) and a side wall (5b), a support portion (4) that supports the reservoir (5), and an intermediate member (10) that is provided between the reservoir (5) and the support portion (4). The support portion (4) includes an outer support portion (4b) which supports the side wall (5b), and an inner support portion (4a) which is disposed to be adjacent to an inner side of the outer support portion (4b), includes a heat insulating layer formed of an elastic material, and supports the bottom portion (5a, 5a1, or 5a2) of the reservoir (5). A cover portion (9a, 9a1, or 15) covering a boundary between the outer support portion (4b) and the inner support portion (4a) is provided between the support portion (4) and the intermediate member (10).

The invention relates to an installation for storing and transporting a liquefied gas, having a sealed pipe (7) that passes through the tank wall so as to define a fluid passage between the inside and the outside of the tank, a sealed metal sheath (29) that is disposed around the sealed pipe (7) and fitted in the opening (22) in the load-bearing wall, the sealed sheath having a longitudinal portion extending at least as far as the sealing membrane (14), the sealing membrane being joined to the sealed sheath (29) in a sealed manner, wherein the load-bearing structure comprises a coaming (24) that protrudes from an outer surface of the load-bearing wall, the sealed pipe being supported by a top wall (26) of the coaming, the sealed sheath (29) having an outer end that is disposed outside the load-bearing wall and attached to the coaming or to the sealed pipe (7) all around the sealed pipe.

Embodiments of the inventive concept include a manufactured pressure vessel including pressure cells having an impermeable layer containing porous material in which air can permeate, and a big mass layer disposed atop the pressure vessel to pressurize the air within the pressure vessel. The impermeable layer can include rubber from recycled vehicle tires. The big mass layer can have a total weight of between one (1) million and one (1) billion tonnes, or more. The big mass layer can include a remediated upper surface. The pressure vessel can include an interface section through which the air can enter and exit the pressure vessel. Pressure lines can be coupled to the interface section. A turbine center can be coupled to the pressure lines to generate electricity in response to pressurized air received through the pressure lines, or to pump air through the pressure lines into the pressure vessel to pressurize the pressure vessel.

A liquid-stabilizing apparatus for a liquid cargo tank includes a guide structure. The guide structure is provided with a positioning floating body. The positioning floating body is provided with anti-sloshing members. The anti-sloshing members are provided with discontinuous baffles at a fixed angle. By using the liquid-stabilizing apparatus, the liquid cargo tank is no longer required to have a bevel surface structure, thereby increasing load capacity of the liquid cargo tank and preventing the liquid cargo tank in various loading states from being impacted by liquid cargos.

A sealed and thermally-insulating fluid storage tank includes an angle arrangement placed at the intersection between the first and the second walls. The storage tank also includes a first and a second insulating blocks respectively retained on the first and second walls of the supporting structure and forming a corner of the thermally insulating barrier; and a metal angle structure forming a corner of the sealing membrane which is welded onto the plurality of metal plates of the first and second insulating blocks. Each of the first and second insulating blocks is associated with an adjacent insulating panel via a bridging element. Each of the first and second insulating blocks has at least one first and one second stress-relief slots extending respectively parallel and at right angles to the intersection between the first and the second walls.