A method for starting a vertical forced-flow steam generator in a waste-heat steam generator, wherein feed water is fed to the forced-flow steam generator as working fluid, and there flows firstly through a feed-water preheater and then through an evaporator and is at least partly evaporated, wherein the partly evaporated working fluid is fed to a water separation system, in which non-evaporated working fluid is separated from evaporated working fluid and is collected, in which at least part of the non-evaporated working fluid is fed geodetically to the evaporator and, beginning from a certain quantity of accumulating non-evaporated working fluid, a remaining part is automatically removed from the water separation system. A corresponding device is for starting a vertical forced-flow steam generator according to the method.

A method for starting a vertical forced-flow steam generator in a waste-heat steam generator, wherein feed water is fed to the forced-flow steam generator as working fluid, and there flows firstly through a feed-water preheater and then through an evaporator and is at least partly evaporated, wherein the partly evaporated working fluid is fed to a water separation system, in which non-evaporated working fluid is separated from evaporated working fluid and is collected, in which at least part of the non-evaporated working fluid is fed geodetically to the evaporator and, beginning from a certain quantity of accumulating non-evaporated working fluid, a remaining part is automatically removed from the water separation system. A corresponding device is for starting a vertical forced-flow steam generator according to the method.

The present disclosure is directed to a method and a system employing a gas introduced into the system as a startup operation for a natural circulation vertical heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to initiate natural circulation of a fluid within the system. More specifically, the present disclosure is directed to a method and a system employing a gas introduced into an outlet header of an evaporator, into an outlet header of an evaporator and into one or more risers near the outlet header of the evaporator, or into one or more risers near the outlet header of the evaporator, to initiate natural circulation of a fluid in a desired system direction from the evaporator directly into a steam drum.

The present disclosure is directed to a method and a system employing a gas introduced into the system as a startup operation for a natural circulation vertical heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to initiate natural circulation of a fluid within the system. More specifically, the present disclosure is directed to a method and a system employing a gas introduced into an outlet header of an evaporator, into an outlet header of an evaporator and into one or more risers near the outlet header of the evaporator, or into one or more risers near the outlet header of the evaporator, to initiate natural circulation of a fluid in a desired system direction from the evaporator directly into a steam drum.

A system for readying sub-critical and super-critical steam generator, a servicing method of the sub-critical and the super-critical steam generator and a method of operation of sub-critical and super-critical steam generator is provided. The steam generator includes a first auxiliary heating device disposed on at least one water-steam separator for heating the at least one water-steam separator, and/or a second auxiliary heating device disposed at least on a part of furnace top-end piping for heating the furnace top-end piping. The auxiliary heating devices are heating steam producing components of the steam generator and thus allowing to keep them above the temperature in which materials creating the steam producing components are brittle. The method includes recirculation of the water through the steam generator.

A system for readying sub-critical and super-critical steam generator, a servicing method of the sub-critical and the super-critical steam generator and a method of operation of sub-critical and super-critical steam generator is provided. The steam generator includes a first auxiliary heating device disposed on at least one water-steam separator for heating the at least one water-steam separator, and/or a second auxiliary heating device disposed at least on a part of furnace top-end piping for heating the furnace top-end piping. The auxiliary heating devices are heating steam producing components of the steam generator and thus allowing to keep them above the temperature in which materials creating the steam producing components are brittle. The method includes recirculation of the water through the steam generator.

Heating systems for a rotor in-situ in a turbomachine are provided. In contrast to conventional systems that merely heat from an external turbine casing, embodiments of the disclosure heat the rotor. In one embodiment, a heating system includes a heating element to heat a portion of an exterior surface of the rotor. In another embodiment, the heating system may include a heating element(s) at least partially positioned within the rotor, and the rotor including the heating system. Each embodiment may include a controller to control operation of the heating element(s).

Heating systems for a rotor in-situ in a turbomachine are provided. In contrast to conventional systems that merely heat from an external turbine casing, embodiments of the disclosure heat the rotor. In one embodiment, a heating system includes a heating element to heat a portion of an exterior surface of the rotor. In another embodiment, the heating system may include a heating element(s) at least partially positioned within the rotor, and the rotor including the heating system. Each embodiment may include a controller to control operation of the heating element(s).