A Stirling cycle machine with a liquid fuel/gaseous fuel burner. The burner may include a preheater to capture the thermal energy of the exhaust. The burner directs the preheated air to each burner head, where it enters a prechamber. Each burner head includes a fuel nozzle that directs liquid or gaseous fuel into the prechamber. The prechamber is fluidically connected to a combustion chamber via a prechamber nozzle that has a smaller opening than the prechamber. The burner head ignites the fuel air mixture in the prechamber with an ignitor located above or within the prechamber. The flame is initially lit as a diffusion flame in the prechamber. The flame is pushed out of the prechamber into the combustion chamber by an increased air flow rate. The liquid fuel from the nozzle now evaporates in the prechamber and forms a prevaporized flame in the combustion chamber.

A pressure-type alcohol stove includes a stove body, an upper cover, a pre-heating pipe, and an automatic liquid-feeding device, wherein the upper cover is arranged on the stove body and is matched with the stove body to form a vaporization cavity, the pre-heating pipe penetrates through the upper cover and has a bottom end located in the stove body and a top end partially stretching out of the upper cover, a pre-heating cavity is formed around the pre-heating pipe, spirally-distributed spray holes are formed through the upper cover, air jet holes used for air jetting and pre-mixing are formed through an upper part of in the pre-heating pipe.

Method for optimizing the limitation of dust emissions from a gas turbine or combustion plant comprising a line for supplying liquid fuel oil, a line for generating fuel oil atomizing air, and a central controller, wherein: a first definition step, starting from a nominal temperature of the fuel oil and a nominal pressure ratio of the atomizing air of the fuel oil, and by controlling the injection of the soot inhibitor, of a nominal operating point corresponding to the maximum permissible level of emitted dust; a second step of controlling a first parameter, taken from the group of the fuel oil temperature and the pressure ratio of the fuel oil atomizing air, in order to reach another operating point; and a third step of controlling the soot inhibitor injection to achieve the maximum permissible level of emitted dust.

Method for optimizing the limitation of dust emissions from a gas turbine or combustion plant comprising a line for supplying liquid fuel oil, a line for generating fuel oil atomizing air, and a central controller, wherein: a first definition step, starting from a nominal temperature of the fuel oil and a nominal pressure ratio of the atomizing air of the fuel oil, and by controlling the injection of the soot inhibitor, of a nominal operating point corresponding to the maximum permissible level of emitted dust; a second step of controlling a first parameter, taken from the group of the fuel oil temperature and the pressure ratio of the fuel oil atomizing air, in order to reach another operating point; and a third step of controlling the soot inhibitor injection to achieve the maximum permissible level of emitted dust.

Described herein are catalytic heating systems, comprising catalytic reactors and dual-mode fuel evaporators, and methods of operating such systems. A dual-mode fuel evaporator is thermally coupled to a catalytic reactor and comprises an electric heater used for preheating the evaporator to at least a fuel-flow threshold temperature. Upon reaching this threshold, the liquid fuel, such as ethanol or methanol, is flown into the evaporator and evaporates therein, forming vaporized fuel. The vaporized fuel is mixed with oxidant, and the mixture is flown into the catalytic reactor where the vaporized fuel undergoes catalytic exothermic oxidation. At least some heat, generated in the catalytic reactor, is transferred to the evaporator and used for the evaporation of additional fuel. When the evaporator reaches or exceeds its operating threshold, the electric heater can be turned off and all heat is supplied to the evaporator from the catalytic reactor.

An atomizing burner and corresponding method for turning an atomizing burner from an ON state to an OFF state. The burner has independently controllable flows of atomizing air, combustion air, and fuel flow, the burner in the ON state having flow values of burner parameters including flow of atomizing air, flow of combustion air, and fuel flow. The method includes: changing, in response to an OFF instruction, flow of at least one of the flow of atomizing air, combustion air and/or fuel to a lower non-zero value; first discontinuing, after a first period of time since the changing, flow of fuel and flow of atomizing air; maintaining, for a second period of time since the first period of time, flow of combustion air; second discontinuing, after the maintaining, flow of combustion air; wherein the maintaining prevents buildup of excess heat inside the burner during the transition to the OFF state.

A combustion system supports a swirl-stabilized preheating flame with a preheating fuel and an oxidant. The combustion system preheats a perforated flame holder with the preheating flame. After the perforated flame holder has been preheated to the threshold temperature, the combustion system outputs a primary fuel. The perforated flame holder receives a mixture of the primary fuel and the oxidant supports a combustion reaction of the primary fuel and the oxidant.

A thermophotovoltaic generator uses conveniently available liquid hydrocarbon fuels. The fuels are controllably heated and vaporized before ignition to avoid residue and deposits as a result of liquid fuel being prematurely exposed to high temperatures of combustion causing unwanted breakdowns, producing power robbing residues and deposits. Heating fuel and air to right temperatures for ignition is accomplished by drawing combustion air over an exhaust chamber, through a regenerator and through a passage surrounding an IR filter. A separate cooling fan drives air through photovoltaic cell array fins over the recuperator and the exhaust in counterflow to the combustion air.

A thermophotovoltaic generator uses conveniently available liquid hydrocarbon fuels. The fuels are controllably heated and vaporized before ignition to avoid residue and deposits as a result of liquid fuel being prematurely exposed to high temperatures of combustion causing unwanted breakdowns, producing power robbing residues and deposits. Heating fuel and air to right temperatures for ignition is accomplished by drawing combustion air over an exhaust chamber, through a regenerator and through a passage surrounding an IR filter. A separate cooling fan drives air through photovoltaic cell array fins over the recuperator and the exhaust in counterflow to the combustion air.

There is disclosed an igniter for a gas turbine engine including: a base, a glow plug heater rod, the glow plug heater rod extending from the base along an axis and terminating in a rod end, a sleeve extending circumferentially around the glow plug heater rod along at least a portion of a length of the glow plug heater rod, the sleeve having an inner surface spaced from the glow plug heater rod to provide a gap between the inner surface and the glow plug heater rod, the gap extending radially relative to said axis.