A process for melting a snow mound located on a ground surface comprises the steps of actuating a heat emitting apparatus and inserting an elongate portion of the heat emitting apparatus into the snow mound so as to emit heat into a central portion of the snow mound, wherein the elongate portion is proximate the ground surface. As the snow melts within the interior or central portion of the snow mound, a cavity forms within the snow mound which creates an insulating container for retaining the emitted heat within the container during the melting process, thereby increasing the efficiency of the heat transfer from the heat emitting apparatus to the snow. A portable heat emitting apparatus is also provided.

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for the combustive abatement of waste gas formed during the manufacture of semiconductor wafers. In particular, the systems described herein are capable of combusting air-polluting perfluorocarbons, including those having high greenhouse gas indexes such as hexafluoroethane (C.sub.2F.sub.6) and tetrafluoromethane (CF.sub.4), as well as particulate-forming silicon dioxide precursors, such as silane (SiH.sub.4) and tetraethoxysilane (Si(OC.sub.2H.sub.5).sub.4, abbreviated TEOS), with greater efficiency and lower energy usage than prior abatement systems. More particularly, and in one preferred embodiment, the present disclosure is directed to a waste gas abatement system that utilizes a combination of non-combustible and combustible gases (or gas mixtures) for thermal combustion, which are directed through multiple permeable interior surfaces of a reaction chamber, efficiently combusting waste gas and preventing undesirable accumulation of solid particulate matter on the chamber surfaces.

A horizontally-fired burner system includes, in a combustion volume, a distal flame holder, the distal flame holder including a plurality of columns each formed from a respective plurality of refractory tiles, and a fuel and combustion air source configured to output a flammable fuel and air mixture toward the distal flame holder. The distal flame holder is configured to hold a combustion reaction adjacent to each of the plurality of columns.

An infrared temperature equalizing device and a grill thereof having a first vertical plate, a first folded plate, a second vertical plate, and a second folded plate. The first folded plate is connected with the second folded plate to form a cover. The first vertical plate and the second vertical plate form a wall. The wall and the cover form a heat aggregation chamber for hot air aggregation and circulation, which has a closed top and a bottom opening with a longitudinal depth. The temperature equalizing device achieves heat aggregation, temperature rising, and temperature equalizing. Through infrared and convection heating, the grill can heat food evenly and roast the food quickly.

A method and device utilizing infrared energy for heating objects, while providing energy control and enabling a decrease radiative heat flux (or intensity) of the infrared energy. An infrared emission device providing reduction of radiative heat flux or intensity from a primary emitter according to the invention may comprise a heat source, a primary emitter that emits infrared radiation of a first wavelength, and a secondary emitter that is spaced apart from the primary emitter. The secondary emitter receives infrared radiation emitted from the primary emitter and emits infrared radiation. The secondary emitter is constructed and arranged to emit infrared radiation having a wavelength that is longer than the infrared radiation of the first wavelength.

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for the combustive abatement of waste gas formed during the manufacture of semiconductor wafers. In particular, the systems described herein are capable of combusting air-polluting perfluorocarbons, including those having high greenhouse gas indexes such as hexafluoroethane (C.sub.2F.sub.6) and tetrafluoromethane (CF.sub.4), as well as particulate-forming silicon dioxide precursors, such as silane (SiH.sub.4) and tetraethoxysilane (Si(OC.sub.2H.sub.5).sub.4, abbreviated TEOS), with greater efficiency and lower energy usage than prior abatement systems. More particularly, and in one preferred embodiment, the present disclosure is directed to a waste gas abatement system that utilizes a combination of non-combustible and combustible gases (or gas mixtures) for thermal combustion, which are directed through multiple permeable interior surfaces of a reaction chamber, efficiently combusting waste gas and preventing undesirable accumulation of solid particulate matter on the chamber surfaces.

An infrared radiator for the heat treatment of a material web has an incandescent body, which is flowed along a flow-receiving surface by a gas-air mixture supplied to the infrared radiator and heated by combustion of the gas-air mixture. The incandescent body has a surface with which the gas-air mixture or combustion products thereof come into contact. A ratio of the surface area of the incandescent body to the surface area of the flow-receiving surface of the incandescent body is greater than two.

An infrared radiator for the heat treatment of a material web has an incandescent body with a flow-receiving surface that is subjected to a flow of a gas-air mixture supplied to the infrared radiator and heated by combustion of the gas-air mixture. The incandescent body is manufactured as a sheet material formed of a multiplicity of threads and connecting elements that at least indirectly connect the threads to one another. The connecting elements at least partially engage around the threads and thus connect them at least indirectly to one another. The connecting elements are configured in such a way that they may be detached from the connection with the threads, preferably by hand, while breaking up the sheet material.

A nozzle for an abatement apparatus and a method are disclosed. The nozzle is for abatement apparatus operable to treat an effluent stream from a processing tool, the nozzle comprises: a nozzle body defining a nozzle inlet operable to receive the effluent stream, a nozzle outlet, and a conduit extending between the nozzle inlet and the nozzle outlet and operable to convey the effluent stream in a direction of flow from the nozzle inlet to the nozzle outlet; and an effluent stream rotator configured to impart a rotational component to the effluent stream to rotate the effluent stream around the direction of flow. In this way, the effluent stream is rotated as it passes through the nozzle body. The destruction rate efficiency achieved by an abatement apparatus when receiving such rotating effluent streams has been found to be significantly improved compared to non-rotating effluent streams.

A combustion device includes a first cover, a second cover, an infrared generating mesh, and a gas burner assembly, wherein the first cover has a plurality of through holes. A first half portion of the second cover has at least one hollow portion. A second half portion of the second cover is closed. The infrared generating mesh is disposed between the first cover and the second cover. A flame outlet of the gas burner assembly is located within a projection area of the second half portion. In this way, the intensity of the infrared rays generated by the combustion device could be increased and could be uniform.