A dilution refrigerator is provided. The dilution refrigerator includes an outer vacuum chamber comprising at least one substantially planar surface and an opening in the at least one substantially planar surface configured to provide access to an interior of the outer vacuum chamber.

A dilution refrigerator is provided. The dilution refrigerator includes a first thermal stage configured to be cooled to a first temperature, a second thermal stage configured to be cooled to a second temperature lower than the first temperature, and a vacuum chamber housing the first thermal stage and the second thermal stage. The dilution refrigerator also includes a first suspension system configured to suspend the first thermal stage from the vacuum chamber, and a second suspension system configured to suspend the second thermal stage from the vacuum chamber independently from the first thermal stage.

A distributed refrigeration system is provided. The distributed refrigeration system comprises a pre-cooling system configured to be thermally coupled to two or more cryogenic devices and to provide a first cooling stage to the two or more cryogenic devices. The two or more cryogenic devices may be two or more of a dilution refrigerator, a low-temperature microscopy system, a .sup.3He refrigeration system, and/or a superconducting CMOS system.

A dilution refrigerator is provided. The dilution refrigerator includes a plurality of thermal stages configured to be cooled to a plurality of temperatures. A coldest thermal stage of the plurality of thermal stages is disposed above warmer thermal stages of the plurality of thermal stages such that the coldest thermal stage is positioned furthest from a floor supporting the dilution refrigerator.

A thermoacoustic device includes a stage coupled to a bar, wherein the stage includes a first heating component on a first terminus of the stage. The stage further includes a first cooling component on a second terminus of the stage. A thermal conductivity of the stage is higher than a thermal conductivity of the bar. A heat capacity of the stage is higher than a heat capacity of the bar.

A GM cryocooler includes a displacer that is reciprocatable in an axial direction; a displacer cylinder that houses the displacer; a drive piston that is coupled to the displacer so as to drive the displacer in the axial direction; and a piston cylinder that houses the drive piston and that includes a drive chamber of which a pressure is controlled to drive the drive piston, and a gas spring chamber which is airtightly formed with respect to the displacer cylinder and is partitioned from the drive chamber by the drive piston.

An oil separator includes: an oil separator container; and a filter element that is disposed in the oil separator container, defines an outer cavity between the oil separator container and itself, includes an inner cavity into which refrigerant gas is introduced, and separates oil from the refrigerant gas flowing to the outer cavity from the inner cavity. The filter element includes a tubular inner filter member that surrounds the inner cavity, and an outer filter layer that includes a refrigerant gas outlet surface exposed to the outer cavity and is disposed outside the inner filter member. A wire-like or band-like filter retaining member that is in contact with the outer filter layer from the outside may be provided. The refrigerant gas outlet surface may occupy at least 80% of the surface area of the outer filter layer.

Techniques facilitating mechanical vibration management for cryogenic environments are provided. In one example, a system can comprise a processor that executes computer executable components stored in memory. The computer executable components can comprise a linearization component and a drive component. The linearization component can translate data indicative of a nonlinear drive signal into a linear drive signal. The drive component can dynamically control operation of a compressor of a cryocooler using the linear drive signal. The cryocooler can provide cooling capacity for a cryogenic environment.

A chuck includes a chuck surface, a plurality of vacuum ports being distributed over the chuck surface. Each of the vacuum ports is open to a conduit that is connectable to a suction source that is operable to apply suction to that vacuum port. A flow restrictor is located within each conduit and is characterized by a flow resistance. The flow resistance of the flow restrictor in at least one conduit is less than the flow resistance of the flow restrictor in at least one other conduit.

An expander unit of a cryogenic refrigerator device includes a moving assembly with a porous regenerative heat exchanger configured to move back and forth along a longitudinal axis. A magnetic spring assembly includes a stationary magnetic assembly fixed to the cold finger base that includes one or more magnetic rings fixedly arranged about a bore. A movable magnetic assembly includes one or more movable magnetic rings fixed to the moving assembly. An outer lateral dimension of each of the movable magnetic rings is less than an inner lateral dimension of the bore. The stationary magnetic assembly and the movable magnetic assembly are configured such that, when the moving assembly is displaced along the longitudinal axis from an equilibrium position, attractive and repulsive forces between the movable magnetic assembly and the stationary magnetic assembly yield a restoring force that is directed to restore the moving assembly to the equilibrium position.