A system for warming an engine. The system includes an engine coolant system that directs warm engine coolant to the engine to heat the engine. A heat pump system warms the engine coolant.

Disclosed therein are a heat pump system for a vehicle and a method of controlling the heat pump system, which determines that frosting begins on an exterior heat exchanger and carries out a defrosting control if a difference value between outdoor temperature and refrigerant temperature of an outlet side of the exterior heat exchanger is above a frosting decision temperature in a heat pump mode, thereby increasing frost-prevention and defrosting effects and enhancing heating performance and stability of the system because the system recognizes the beginning of frosting on the exterior heat exchanger at a proper time so as to carry out the defrosting control.

Provided is a refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of achieving an improvement in heat exchange performance during a heating operation and during a cooling operation, while suppressing increases in manufacturing cost and volume required for packaging. The outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are connected in parallel to the indoor heat exchanger via the branch portion. The flow path switching device includes a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is connected with a third refrigerant flow path. The second port is connected with the outdoor heat exchanger. The third port is connected with a fourth refrigerant flow path. The second port is configured to switch between a state in which the second port is connected to the first port and a state in which the second port is connected to the third port.

A heat exchanger includes a first manifold, a second manifold, a plurality of flat tubes, and a plurality of fins. Two ends of the first manifold are respectively sealed with a cap. The heat exchanger further includes a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, and a third connecting pipe. The first connecting pipe communicates with the first manifold via a second opening, the second connecting pipe communicates with an allocation tube, and the third connecting pipe communicates with the second manifold. A diameter of the first connecting pipe is greater than the diameter of the allocation tube. The two connecting pipes of the heat exchanger correspond to refrigerant in different states. The diameters of the two connecting pipes are different such that the refrigerant in different states may be uniformly allocated, which contributes to the efficiency of the heat exchanger.

In the case of a heating operation in which a use side heat exchanger functions as a condenser when the outside air has a predetermined low temperature, a low-outside-air-temperature heating operation start mode is executed in which, while a refrigerant, as discharged from a compressor, flows into the use side heat exchanger, the refrigerant is supplied to the injection port of the compressor via an injection pipe and a part of a refrigerant that is accumulated in an accumulator is supplied to the compressor via a connecting pipe, and thereafter a low-outside-air-temperature heating operation mode is executed in which the refrigerant, as discharged from the compressor, is supplied to the injection port of the compressor via the injection pipe while flowing into the use side heat exchanger.

A heat pump device is provided with: a first refrigerant guide-in unit that guides in the high temperature, high pressure refrigerant discharged by the compressor from outside the housing; a water refrigerant heat exchanger that can dissipate heat from the high temperature, high pressure refrigerant guided in from the first refrigerant guide-in unit into a cooling fluid; and a housing accommodating the water refrigerant heat exchanger. The heat pump device is further provided with a cooling fluid guide-in unit that can guide the cooling fluid from outside the housing into the water refrigerant heat exchanger, a cooling fluid guide-out unit that can guide the cooling fluid out of the water refrigerant heat exchanger to the outside of the housing, and a first refrigerant guide-out unit that guides the refrigerant that has passed through the water refrigerant heat exchanger to the outside of the housing.

There is provided a vehicle air conditioning apparatus that can prevent the amount of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor from reducing when an outside air temperature is low to achieve a heating performance required for a heating operation, and also can dehumidify the vehicle interior without deteriorating the heating performance during a heating and dehumidifying operation. The vehicle air conditioning apparatus includes: a heat released refrigerant expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant discharged from the radiator during the heating operation and the first heating and dehumidifying operation; a gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant decompressed by the heat released refrigerant expansion valve into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant; and a bypass circuit that allows part of at least the gaseous refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator to flow into a section of the compressor through which the refrigerant being decompressed passes.

An information display device comprising a processor, the processor executing: time information acquiring processing of acquiring time information; azimuth information acquiring processing of acquiring azimuth information; coordinate setting processing of setting a time coordinate system for display of the time information on a display image and setting an azimuth coordinate system for display of the azimuth information on the display image; and display control processing of displaying particular time information acquired by the time information acquiring processing, in the time coordinate system set on the display image and particular azimuth information acquired by the azimuth information acquiring processing, in the azimuth coordinate system set on the display image.

An air conditioner may include a plurality of indoor units and a plurality of outdoor units connected to the plurality of indoor units. Each of the plurality of outdoor units may include a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers. Each of the outdoor heat exchangers may include a plurality of heat exchanger parts. When a defrosting operation condition is satisfied during a heating operation, indicating that a defrosting operation should be performed the plurality of heat exchanger parts of the plurality of outdoor heat exchangers may successively perform the defrosting operation.

The present application discloses a cooling system and a control method thereof; the cooling system includes a compressor unit, a condenser, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a first throttle valve and a frequency converter; the second solenoid valve and the first throttle valve are connected with the first solenoid valve in parallel after being connected in series with each other; the compressor unit, the condenser, the first solenoid valve and the frequency converter are connected in series to form a first cooling loop; the compressor unit, the condenser, the second solenoid valve, the first throttle valve and the frequency converter are connected in series to form a second cooling loop; and the frequency converter is internally provided with a temperature detection module and a heat exchange module.