In a dual material vapor chamber and an upper shell thereof, the dual material vapor chamber includes an upper shell, a copper lower shell, and a working fluid. The upper shell includes an aluminum substrate and plural aluminum fins. The aluminum substrate has an outer surface and an inner wall. The aluminum fins individually extend from the outer surface and are formed integrally. A copper deposition layer is coated on the inner wall. The copper lower shell is sealed to the upper shell correspondingly. A chamber is formed between the upper shell and the copper lower shell. The working fluid is filled in the chamber. Therefore, the weight and material cost of the whole vapor chamber can be reduced, and the packing combination between the upper shell and the copper lower shell can be simplified.

Disclosed is an amorphous, ductile brazing foil with a composition consisting essentially of Ni.sub.restCr.sub.aB.sub.bP.sub.cSi.sub.d with 2 atomic percent≦a≦30 atomic percent; 0.5 atomic percent≦b≦14 atomic percent; 2 atomic percent≦c≦20 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦d≦14 atomic percent; incidental impurities≦0.5 atomic percent; rest Ni, where c>b>c/15 and 10 atomic percent≦b+c+d≦25 atomic percent. Also disclosed is amorphous, ductile Ni-based brazing foil having a composition consisting essentially of Ni.sub.restCr.sub.aB.sub.bP.sub.cSi.sub.dC.sub.eX.sub.fY.sub.g wherein a, b, c, d, e, f, and g are numbers such that 2 atomic percent≦a≦30 atomic percent; 0.5 atomic percent≦b≦14 atomic percent; 2 atomic percent≦c≦20 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦d≦14 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦e≦5 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦f≦5 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦g≦20 atomic percent; wherein incidental impurities are present, if at all, in amounts≦0.5 atomic percent; wherein rest indicates that the balance of the composition is Ni; wherein c>b>c/15; wherein 10 atomic percent≦b+c+d≦25 atomic percent, wherein X is one or more of the elements Mo, Nb, Ta, W and Cu; and wherein Y is one or both of the elements Fe and Co. Also disclosed are methods for making and using these brazing foils, and brazed objects produced therefrom.

A thermal interface member configured to be disposed between a heat sink and a heat-releasing device includes a thermal interface member. The thermal interface member has a thermally conductive, cure-in-place, polymer foam pad configured to maintain uniform contact with each of the heat sink and the heat-releasing device. The thermal interface member is additionally configured to absorb the thermal energy released by the heat-releasing device and direct the released thermal energy to the heat sink. The polymer foam pad has a matrix structure including at least one of anisotropic and isotropic thermally conductive anisotropic filler material, and is characterized by foam material density below 0.5 g/cm.sup.3.

A heat exchanger apparatus includes a tube having a wall with an inner surface and an outer surface. The tube is configured to receive heat exchange fluid at one end, and output, when heated through the wall, vapor of the heat exchange fluid at the opposing end. A first layer of thermally conductive porous material is disposed on the inner surface of the tube. Heating equipment, a heat exchanger, and a method of heating are also disclosed.

A composite member having an excellent heat resistance is provided. The composite member includes: a substrate composed of a composite material including a non-metal phase and a metal phase; and a metal layer that covers at least a portion of a surface of the substrate, wherein a metal included in each of the metal phase and the metal layer is mainly composed of Ag, and a ratio of a content of Cu to a total content of Ag and Cu in a boundary region of the metal layer with the substrate is less than or equal to 20 atomic %.

A method of manufacturing a heat dissipation device is disclosed. The heat dissipation device manufactured with the method includes two titanium metal sheets and a metal mesh. According to the method, the two titanium metal sheets and the metal mesh are subjected to a surface treatment, so that surface of any one of the titanium metal sheets and the metal mesh is modified to form a hydrophilic layer. With these arrangements, the titanium metal material can be freely plastically deformed and possess a capillary force, and the titanium metal sheet can therefore be used in place of the conventional copper sheet to serve as a material for making heat dissipation devices. The heat dissipation devices so produced can have largely reduced weight and largely improved heat dissipation performance.

A thermal management system for a body to be exposed to solar radiation includes an infrared radiating element and a solar-scattering cover disposed on or integrated with the infrared radiating element.

The present disclosure relates to efficient condensing operations and apparatuses. Methods of fabricating condensers and specifically condenser surfaces are also disclosed. A condensing apparatus can include a condenser surface having a substrate and one or more layers of graphene. The substrate can be formed of nickel and a nickel-graphene surface composite layer can be formed. The substrate-graphene composite can be highly durable, hydrophobic, and resistant to fouling. Dropwise condensation can be induced.

An apparatus, material and method for forming a brazing sheet has a high strength core bonded with corrosion protection layer on the coolant side and/or layers on both airside and coolant side. The material enables heat exchanger components, such as tube, header, plate, etc., for applications, such as automotive heat exchangers, that require high fatigue life as well as high service life in a corrosive environment.

The present disclosure relates to efficient heat exchanger components, such as pipe apparatuses including the same. Methods of fabricating heat exchange components are also disclosed. A condensing apparatus can include a condenser surface having a substrate and one or more layers of graphene. The substrate can be formed of nickel and a nickel-graphene surface composite layer can be formed. The substrate-graphene composite can be highly durable, hydrophobic, and resistant to fouling. Dropwise condensation can be induced.