An arrangement of an internal combustion engine with at least one first and one second nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter is provided, wherein the first nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter is arranged within a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation circuit. A method for operating the arrangement is furthermore provided, wherein the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters can be used for the production of ammonia under operating conditions with a high load by providing rich exhaust gas conditions.

A controlling method of exhaust gas purification system to which a lean combustion engine is applied and an LNT device, a DPF or an SDPF, and an SCR device are provided includes detecting vehicle information and determining whether the vehicle information satisfies nitrogen oxide desorption condition of the LNT device; desorbing the nitrogen oxide until the nitrogen oxide of the LNT reaches predetermined reference amount through engine rich combustion when vehicle information satisfies the nitrogen oxide desorption condition of the LNT device; injecting urea to purify the nitrogen oxide after a first period after ending of desorption of the nitrogen oxide of the LNT; desorbing sulfide of the LNT through the engine rich combustion; and injecting urea to purify the nitrogen oxide after a second period after ending of desorption of the sulfide rich combustion of the LNT.

An upstream portion of a communication passage 16 in an exhaust emission control device has a gas gathering chamber 16A encircling and gathering exhaust gas 1 from an exit end of a particulate filter 3 through perpendicular turnabout of the gas 1 and a communication pipe 16B extracting the gas 1 gathered by the chamber 16A through an exhaust outlet 17 into an entry side of a selective reduction catalyst 4. An injector 18 is in the passage 16 to add urea water into the gas flow. The injector 18 is fixed to the chamber 16A in a position opposed to the outlet 17 and in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the filter 3. The outlet 17 of the chamber 16A has a reactor 19 into which the reducing agent injected by the injector 18 is impinged to facilitate gasification of the gas 1.

A fluid cleaning and filtering system includes a pre-treatment system before a force generation turbine to condense and pretreat gases and particulate matter; a flow rectifier before a tangential inlet; diffuser pipes for compressing the gases and particulate matter therein and project same into the deflector disks, diffuser pipes at an outlet of the so-called condenser, a purger, a diffuser and a deflector; a force generation turbine; an energy generator using torque from the turbine rotor; an internal energy generator; a flow rectifier in a first tangential inlet and a flow rectifier in a second tangential inlet; a new full-cone atomizer nozzle to wet particles and clean gases; a diffuser in the condensers and a deflector disk for the condensers.

An upstream portion of a communication passage 16 in an exhaust emission control device has a gas gathering chamber 16A encircling and gathering exhaust gas 1 from an exit end of a particulate filter 3 through perpendicular turnabout of the gas 1 and a communication pipe 16B extracting the gas 1 gathered by the chamber 16A through an exhaust outlet 17 into an entry side of a selective reduction catalyst 4. An injector 18 is in the passage 16 to add urea water into the gas flow. The injector 18 is fixed to the chamber 16A in a position opposed to the outlet 17 and in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the filter 3. The outlet 17 of the chamber 16A has a reactor 19 into which the reducing agent injected by the injector 18 is impinged to facilitate gasification of the gas 1.

In general, this disclosure describes method of capturing and storing CO.sub.2 on a vehicle. The method includes contacting an vehicle exhaust gas with one or more of a first metal organic framework (MOF) composition sufficient to separate CO.sub.2 from the exhaust gas, contacting the separated CO.sub.2 with one or more of a second MOF composition sufficient to store the CO.sub.2 and wherein the one or more first MOF composition comprises one or more SIFSIX-n-M MOF and wherein M is a metal and n is 2 or 3. Embodiments also describe an apparatus or system for capturing and storing CO.sub.2 onboard a vehicle.

A method for the exhaust gas aftertreatment of a combustion engine having an exhaust system in which at least three catalytic converters and at least three lambda probes are disposed. Downstream of a first catalytic converter, an actively heatable catalytic converter is provided, which is actively heated at a start of the combustion engine. The lambda control of the combustion engine is carried out in each case by that lambda probe disposed downstream of the respective last catalytic converter to reach the light-off temperature thereof. Also, an exhaust gas aftertreatment system for implementing such a method.

A method for diagnosing feedgas generation capacity of an oxidation catalyst in an exhaust aftertreatment system includes: determining a first temperature value at a first location in the exhaust aftertreatment system upstream of an oxidation catalyst, the oxidation catalyst being upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst; determining a space velocity of the exhaust in the oxidation catalyst; determining an estimated exotherm value of the oxidation catalyst based on the first temperature value and the space velocity; instructing a doser of the aftertreatment system to dose hydrocarbon into the oxidation catalyst; determining an in-use exotherm value of the oxidation catalyst upon insertion of the hydrocarbon into the oxidation catalyst; and determining a fault condition based upon a comparison between the estimated exotherm value and the in-use exotherm value.

A urea injection control method in an exhaust after-treatment system includes: performing an ammonia slip prevention logic that adjusts a urea injection amount based on the highest temperature during a predetermined period of time from an end point of filter regeneration to a thermal equilibrium point when a temperature of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst is higher than or equal to a predetermined threshold temperature at the end point of the filter regeneration; and adjusting a urea injection amount based on an ammonia storage amount map when the temperature of the SCR catalyst is lower than or equal to the predetermined threshold temperature at the end point of the filter regeneration. In particular, the thermal equilibrium point is a point at which a temperature of a filter is close or equal to an exhaust gas temperature.

A dosing control system includes a shut-off valve, a reductant pump, a reductant injector, and a recirculation conduit. The shut-off valve is configured to receive reductant from a reductant tank. The reductant pump is configured to selectively receive the reductant from the shut-off valve. The reductant pump is configured to selectively be in a reductant pump command state. The reductant injector is configured to selectively receive the reductant from the reductant pump. The recirculation conduit is coupled to the reductant injector and the reductant tank. The recirculation conduit is configured to selectively provide the reductant from the reductant injector to the reductant tank. The shut-off valve is configured to prevent a flow of the reductant to the reductant pump when the reductant pump is not in the reductant pump command state.