Using machine learning for cylinder misfire detection in a dynamic firing level modulation controlled internal combustion engine is described. In a classification embodiment, cylinder misfires are differentiated from intentional skips based on a measured exhaust manifold pressure. In a regressive model embodiment, the measured exhaust manifold pressure is compared to a predicted exhaust manifold pressure generated by neural network in response to one or more inputs indicative of the operation of the vehicle. Based on the comparison, a prediction is made if a misfire has occurred or not. In yet other alternative embodiment, angular crank acceleration is used as well for misfire detection.

An automotive exhaust aftertreatment system for reducing effluents, such as nitrous oxides (NOx), in exhaust gasses passing through the system. The automotive exhaust aftertreatment system includes a dosing unit configured to inject primary and secondary reductant fluids into exhaust gasses based on various strategies to optimize operation of the system.

When atmospheric pressure (Pa) which varies according to altitude is higher than a predetermined pressure threshold (Path) during idle operation in which catalyst warm-up request is issued, an intake pressure is controlled, through a throttle valve (19), to an intake pressure at which an intake air amount required to promote the warm-up of a catalyst converter (26) is obtained. When the atmospheric pressure (Pa) is lower than the predetermined pressure threshold (Path), the intake pressure is controlled, through a throttle valve (19), to an intake pressure (PaPb) at which a differential pressure (Pb) required by a brake booster (8) is obtained. Accordingly, negative pressure in the brake booster (8) can be secured while promoting the warm-up of the catalyst during the idle operation.

An exhaust gas flow control system disclosed relates to the field of mechanical engineering. The system reduces exhaust gas back pressure exerted on an internal combustion engine and prevents excessive heat loss in a radiator. The system comprises a flow regulator connected to an outlet of a silencer and configured to selectively direct the flow of exhaust gases to a metal hydride heat pump and/or a tailpipe. The flow of exhaust gases is directed towards the metal hydride heat pump in case of increased cooling requirement in the vehicle, and to the tailpipe in case of no cooling requirement or maintenance of the metal hydride heat pump. In case of reduced cooling requirement, partial flow of exhaust gases is directed to the metal hydride heat pump and the remaining to the tailpipe. A diverter is configured within the flow regulator to selectively direct the flow of exhaust gases.

Methods and systems are provided for controlling operating of a split exhaust engine system including a scavenge exhaust gas recirculation system based on a composition of constituents within a total flow through the scavenge exhaust gas recirculation system. In one example, a method may include adjusting an engine operating parameter in response to individual flows of each of burnt gases, fresh air, and fuel to an intake passage, upstream of a compressor, from a scavenge manifold coupled to scavenge exhaust valves, the individual flows of each of the burnt gases, fresh air, and fuel determined based on a valve opening overlap between the scavenge exhaust valves and intake valves of the engine.

Methods and/or systems for operating an exhaust-gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine include: setting the internal combustion engine to a diagnostic operating mode with relevant diagnostic operating parameters of the internal combustion engine are set to correspond with diagnostic default values; inducing a targeted, defined NH.sub.3 and/or NO.sub.x concentration change upstream of the filter; measuring the NH.sub.3 and/or NO.sub.x concentration change downstream of the filter; providing a correlating concentration comparison value; evaluating the concentration change on the basis of the respective concentration comparison value and predefined limit values; and diagnosing the SCR particle filter as defective if the evaluation yields that the concentration comparison value has overshot a predefined limit value.

A heating system includes at least one electric heater disposed within the fluid flow system. A control device includes a microprocessor and is configured to determine a temperature of the at least one electric heater based on a model and at least one input from the fluid flow system. The control device is configured to provide power to the at least one electric heater based on the temperature of the at least one electric heater.

A method for the operation of a particulate filter in an exhaust aftertreatment system of a combustion engine (200) with the following steps: set up (111, 116) a pressure difference model, which models a measured pressure difference (p) which drops across the particulate filter (210) as a function (220) of a volume flow ({dot over (V)}) through the particulate filter (210) with an offset value (a.sub.0, C); measure (120) multiple measurement values (245) for the pressure difference (p) at different volume flows ({dot over (V)}) and solve (130) the pressure difference model as a function of the pressure difference (p), whereby the offset value (a.sub.0, C) is also determined.

Vehicle exhaust system uses delta pressure based estimation of accumulated soot within a diesel particulate filter. The exhaust system has a diesel oxidation catalyst and a diesel particulate filter. A fuel injector is connected upstream from the diesel oxidation catalyst and the diesel particulate filter. A delta pressure sensor measures difference in pressure at inlet and outlet of the diesel particulate filter. A controller determines when to regenerate the diesel particulate filter based on an estimated amount of soot. The controller, in a first regeneration mode, causes the fuel injector to inject fuel at a first rate into the exhaust stream, and to re-evaluate amount of soot accumulated within the diesel particulate filter under increased volumetric flow. The controller, in a second regeneration mode, causes the fuel injector to inject fuel at a second rate into the exhaust stream in order to combust soot trapped in the diesel particulate filter.

The invention relates to a method for controlling the pressure of the exhaust gas of a machine, in particular an internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas is discharged from the machine via an exhaust gas line, and the exhaust gas line has a regulating device, preferably comprising a throttle valve or a throttle flap, said regulating device delimiting a pressure-regulated section of the exhaust gas line. Gas, preferably air, which is regulated into the pressure-regulated section via a compressed gas line is supplied such that the pressure in the pressure-regulated section is substantially kept at a constant value. The invention additionally relates to a corresponding device.