Particulate filters are used to remove particulate matter such as soot and ash in the emissions control systems of vehicles, including gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. Methods are provided to predict the long-term performance and durability of emissions control systems having particulate filters. The methods account for factors such as thermal aging, soot accumulation and regeneration, and ash loading.

An exhaust purification system may include at least one catalyst in an exhaust flow path of an internal combustion engine to decrease gaseous pollutants from an exhaust gas, a first particulate filter downstream of the catalyst, and a second particulate filter with a porosity lower and a lower mean pore size than the first particulate filter and in a bypass flow line downstream of the first particulate filter, the bypass flow line being configured to open and close based on at least one condition of the exhaust purification system or conditions of the exhaust gas. The second particulate filter may be configured to be removed and replaced when full. A method of purifying an exhaust gas through the exhaust purification system is also described.

Systems, methods, assemblies, and components for aftertreatment of an engine can comprise an aftertreatment module including an exhaust enclosure with at least one inlet port to receive exhaust gas, an outlet port to output exhaust gas, a first compartment, and a second compartment; a plurality of particulate filters extending in parallel with each other within the exhaust enclosure such that, for each of the particulate filters, an inlet of the particulate filter is in the first compartment and an outlet of the particulate filter is in the second compartment; and at least one radio frequency (RF) sensor set including an RF transmitter assembly and an RF receiver assembly. The RF transmitter assembly can be provided in the first compartment at the inlet of one of the particulate filters, and the RF receiver assembly can be provided at the outlet of said one particulate filter.

A measuring device for the determination of an ash loading of a particulate filter for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, where a regeneration operation of the particulate filter is carried out such that, after termination of the regeneration operation, a predefined, minimum soot loading remains on the particulate filter. The measuring device is configured to determine an actual regeneration variable which is characteristic for a loading combustion operation during the regeneration operation of the particulate filter via a pressure sensor which is attached downstream in the exhaust gas flow of the particulate filter in the exhaust gas system of the internal combustion engine. The measuring device is further configured to determine the ash loading of the particulate filter dependent on the actual regeneration variable and a variable which is characteristic for the time duration of the regeneration operation.

Methods, systems, and devices for particulate filter soot management for internal combustion engines are described herein. A method for particulate filter soot management for internal combustion engines includes determining a quantity of soot on a particulate filter and adjusting a skip fire firing sequence based at least in part on maintaining the quantity of soot on the particulate filter within a desired soot quantity range.

There is provided an exhaust treatment device for a diesel engine capable of accurately estimating an amount of ash deposition. In the exhaust treatment device, an ash deposition estimation device estimates an amount of ash deposition on a DPF after ending of regenerating treatment for the DPF, based on data regarding differential pressure and exhaust flow rate stored in a memory device over a period immediately before the end of regeneration, the period ranging from the end point of regenerating treatment for the DPF to a point in time going back a predetermined duration. An electronic control device preferably makes an alarm device issue an alarm, upon arrival of an estimated value of ash deposition at a predetermined alarm request value.

A control device for the internal combustion engine is provided with a carbon dioxide concentration control part configured to cause a concentration of carbon dioxide in exhaust flowing into the filter to decrease when the temperature of the filter becomes a predetermined first temperature setting or more and less than a predetermined second temperature setting. The first temperature setting is made a temperature selected from a temperature band at which ash deposited on the filter can be made to be separate from the filter when the inside of the filter is in an atmosphere where the concentration of carbon dioxide is lower than when it is in an exhaust atmosphere. The second temperature setting is made a temperature set so as to prevent excessive temperature rise of the catalyst device.

A system includes an exhaust aftertreatment system including a particulate filter and a controller. The controller is configured to: receive a particulate filter regeneration event trigger; receive information, the information comprising a temperature regarding the particulate filter; determine the temperature regarding the particulate filter is below a temperature threshold associated with a particulate filter regeneration event; and responsive to determining the temperature regarding the particulate filter is below the temperature threshold, command the engine to operate in a cylinder deactivation mode, whereby at least one cylinder of a plurality of cylinders of the engine is deactivated.

A measuring device for the determination of an ash loading of a particulate filter for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, where a regeneration operation of the particulate filter is carried out such that, after termination of the regeneration operation, a predefined, minimum soot loading remains on the particulate filter. The measuring device is configured to determine an actual regeneration variable which is characteristic for a loading combustion operation during the regeneration operation of the particulate filter via a pressure sensor which is attached downstream in the exhaust gas flow of the particulate filter in the exhaust gas system of the internal combustion engine. The measuring device is further configured to determine the ash loading of the particulate filter dependent on the actual regeneration variable and a variable which is characteristic for the time duration of the regeneration operation.

A vehicle exhaust gas reduction system positioned in an exhaust system of an engine includes: an electrically heated catalyst (EHC) of heating exhaust gas of the engine by electrically generating heat; a sub-gasoline particulate filter (Sub GPF) heated by operation of the EHC to combust a particulate number (PN) included in the exhaust gas; a main gasoline particulate filter (Main GPF) of purifying the exhaust gas discharged from the engine; and a controller configured for performing PN reduction control by operating the EHC to be On in a low-temperature condition, and increasing a temperature of the Sub GPF to a reference temperature at which soot combustion is possible, combusting the PN passing through the Sub GPF and soot collected in the Sub GPF.