A vehicle includes an internal combustion engine, an electrically-heated catalyst device provided in an exhaust passage thereof, and an electronic control unit configured to control base material electric power supply supplied to a conductive base material. The catalyst device includes the conductive base material that generates heat upon energization, and a catalyst heated through the conductive base material. The electronic control unit determines whether the conductive base material is in a stagnant period, where temperature of the conductive base material partially stagnates in a prescribed temperature zone, the stagnant period occurring when water is present inside the catalyst device in a process of increase in temperature of the conductive base material. When determining that the conductive base material is in the stagnant period, the electronic control unit controls the base material electric power supply to be lower than when determining otherwise.

Provided is a control device for an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine includes, in an exhaust passage, an electrically heated catalyst device in which a catalyst is supported on a conductive base material) that generates heat when energized. The control device includes an electronic control unit configured to control the internal combustion engine such that, in a case where condensate is generated in the exhaust passage on the upstream side of the catalyst device in an exhaust flow direction, an engine output in a region where an engine load is equal to or greater than a predetermined load becomes smaller than in a case where condensate is not generated.

Provided is a control device for an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine includes, in an exhaust passage, an electrically heated catalyst device in which a catalyst is supported on a conductive base material) that generates heat when energized. The control device includes an electronic control unit configured to control the internal combustion engine such that, in a case where condensate is generated in the exhaust passage on the upstream side of the catalyst device in an exhaust flow direction, an engine output in a region where an engine load is equal to or greater than a predetermined load becomes smaller than in a case where condensate is not generated.

A control device comprises an estimated temperature calculation part calculating an estimated temperature of a conductive base based on an engine operating state, an electrical heating permission judgment part judging if to permit warmup of a catalyst device by electrical heating, and a catalyst warmup control part warming up the catalyst device by electrical heating when electrical heating is permitted and warming up the catalyst device by heat of exhaust discharged from the internal combustion engine when electrical heating is prohibited. The electrical heating permission judgment part prohibits warmup of the catalyst device by electrical heating when it is predicted that the actual temperature of the conductive base has diverged from the estimated temperature, when the estimated temperature is low in reliability, or when it is not possible to calculate the estimated temperature.

The present invention relates to a method for operating a catalyst arrangement of an internal combustion engine and a catalyst arrangement. The catalyst arrangement includes an exhaust gas sensor having a sensor element and a sensor heating device heating the sensor element, and a catalyst having a catalyst heating device heating the catalyst. The method comprises determining a temperature of the catalyst heating device, activating the catalyst heating device for heating the catalyst, when the determined temperature of the catalyst is below a predetermined catalyst operating temperature threshold, and activating the sensor heating device for heating the sensor element, when the temperature of the catalyst exceeds the predetermined catalyst operating temperature threshold.

The NOx catalyst is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave, a resonance frequency and a ratio of a reception power to an oscillation power at the time of the irradiation are detected, and an upper limit value of a change amount of the resonance frequency or an upper limit value of a change amount of the ratio at which the NOx catalyst is diagnosed to be abnormal is determined from a change amount of the resonance frequency and a change amount of the ratio until water is adsorbed on all acid sites included in the NOx catalyst, and a change amount of the resonance frequency and a change amount of the ratio until ammonia is adsorbed on all acid sites included in the NOx catalyst, when it is supposed that the NOx catalyst is in a state of being on the borderline between normal and abnormal.

An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present disclosure obtains an electric resistance value of the electrically heated catalyst after the lapse of a predetermined period of time which is a period of time required for condensed water adhered to the electrically heated catalyst to finish evaporating from the start of energization of the electrically heated catalyst, and calculates a heat energy shortage amount which is an amount of heat energy insufficient for raising the temperature of the electrically heated catalyst to a predetermined temperature or above, based on a difference between the electric resistance value thus obtained and a predetermined reference resistance value. Then, the exhaust gas purification apparatus supplies to the electrically heated catalyst an amount of energy required to compensate for the heat energy shortage amount.

A vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, an electrical heated type catalyst device provided in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine and including a conductive substrate generating heat upon energization and a catalyst heated through the conductive substrate, and a control device, the control device comprising an internal moisture calculating part calculating an amount of internal moisture comprised of an amount of moisture present at an inside of the catalyst device and an engine output control part controlling the output of the internal combustion engine based on a required vehicle output and the amount of internal moisture. The engine output control part is configured so that if moisture is present at the inside of the catalyst device, it restricts the output of the internal combustion engine to a lower output when the internal moisture is large compared to when it is small.

Selective catalytic reduction systems are known and are generally included in exhaust systems of diesel engines in order to treat the exhaust gases of such engines. Such systems involve the introduction of diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) into exhaust gas flowing in an exhaust passage of an engine. When dosing DEF onto a hydrolysis catalyst in a SCR system, the DEF will under certain conditions cool the hydrolysis catalyst sufficiently to either slow down or effectively prevent ammonia release, which creates a lag or delay in the function of the hydrolysis catalyst. This limits the amount of control which can be exerted over ammonia storage in the SCR catalyst, and NOx conversion. In a first step, a set of measurement data is received from one or more sensors provided in the system. Subsequently, a first set of characteristics associated with a state of a component of the catalytic system, a second set of characteristics associated with an output of the catalytic system and a third set of characteristics associated with a bias and a scaling factor in the system are derived. In a third step, the derived sets of characteristics are used to control the catalytic system.

The present invention relates to a method for operating a catalyst arrangement of an internal combustion engine and a catalyst arrangement. The catalyst arrangement includes an exhaust gas sensor having a sensor element and a sensor heating device heating the sensor element, and a catalyst having a catalyst heating device heating the catalyst. The method comprises determining a temperature of the catalyst heating device, activating the catalyst heating device for heating the catalyst, when the determined temperature of the catalyst is below a predetermined catalyst operating temperature threshold, and activating the sensor heating device for heating the sensor element, when the temperature of the catalyst exceeds the predetermined catalyst operating temperature threshold.