A solenoid drive may include a ferromagnetic housing having a coil receiving chamber axially limited by opposing face side walls, a cylindrical coil arrangement having at least one electric coil, the coil arrangement being arranged in the chamber and coaxially surrounding a cylindrical coil interior space, a ferromagnetic plunger stop having a central region projecting axially in the interior space, a ferromagnetic plunger arranged at the housing opposing the plunger stop, and a ferromagnetic bypass device extending in a circumferential direction and arranged coaxially with respect to the coil arrangement and radially within the coil. The plunger may project axially into the coil interior space and may be adjustable axially bi-directionally relative to the housing between active and distal positions, which are proximal and distal, respectively, with respect to the central region. The bypass device may be spaced apart axially from the face side walls. In the passive position, the plunger may project axially into the bypass device such that an axial overlap between the plunger and the bypass device may be defined.

A movable iron core, a primary attracting and holding coil, a resistor electrically connected to an upstream start-up electric contact, and an auxiliary attracting and holding coil electrically connected to the upstream start-up electric contact are included. The movable iron core displaces a pinion from a separated position to a contact position. After the pinion is displaced from the separated position to the contact position, the upstream start-up electric contact is electrically disconnected from another start-up electric contact to cut off a current to the motor, and the movable iron core displaces the pinion from the contact position to an engaged position with the magnetomotive force of the primary attracting and holding coil and a magnetomotive force of the auxiliary attracting and holding coil. After the pinion is displaced from the contact position to the engaged position, main electric contacts are electrically connected to resume electric connection to the motor.

A starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, having a drive pinion for engagement into a ring gear of the internal combustion engine, an electrical rotary actuator and an electrical linear actuator, the rotary actuator to rotate the drive pinion and the linear actuator to slide a pinion, and the electrical linear actuator having a linear-stroke magnet that has a sliding armature is moved by a retraction winding, within the retraction winding, along a sliding armature axis, having a holding winding by which the sliding armature can be held in a retracted state. The linear actuator also actuates a switching apparatus to activate the electrical rotary actuator into a second actuation stage. A second retraction winding is connected in parallel with the first retraction winding, such that the first retraction winding can be shut off by a normally closed switch while a current path through a second retraction winding is closed.

A solenoid for a motor vehicle starter includes at least one coil wound on at least one spool, the at least one coil defines a toroidal space encircling the at least one coil. A stop member is positioned adjacent to the at least one spool. A diode holder is positioned in the toroidal space defined by the at least one coil, and a diode is positioned in the diode holder. The diode includes a cylindrical body, a first lead extending from a first end of the cylindrical body, and a second lead extending from a second end of the cylindrical body. The cylindrical body of the diode is retained by the diode holder within the toroidal space, and the first lead of the diode extends out of the toroidal space and is electrically connected to the stop member.

Provide an electromagnetic switch device for a starter, by which a winding fluctuation of a plurality of coils, of which wire diameters are different from each other, is prevented, which can be downsized and can be produced with a low cost. A bobbin, at which winding portions are separated by using a first flange portion which includes a first notch portion, second notch portions, and third notch portions, by which coils are led out, and a first separation wall and a second separation wall, which include the second notch portions and the third notch portions, by which coils are led out, is included, and a main aspiration holding coil, a sub-aspiration holding coil, and a resistance coil, of which wire diameters are different from each other, which are respectively wound around a first winding portion, a second winding portion, and a third winding portion, which are separated, are provided.

This bobbin includes: a cylindrical winding portion, a first partition portion and a second partition portion, wherein the first partition portion has lead-in cutout portions through which the coil wire to be wound on the upper side and the coil wire to be wound on the lower side are to be respectively introduced, and lead-out cutout portions through which the coil wire to be wound on the upper side and the coil wire to be wound on the lower side are to be respectively led out, and the first partition portion has, on a winding portion side thereof, a step formed in a zone including a range between the lead-out cutout portion for the coil wire to be wound on the lower side and the lead-in cutout portion for the coil wire to be wound on the upper side.

An electromagnetic switch device for a starter includes: a terminal block in which a main contact chamber that is open at an attraction coil side in an axial direction and in which a pair of main fixed contacts and a main movable contact are located, and an auxiliary relay that is open at a side opposite to the attraction coil side in the axial direction, are located; a cover provided at an opening side of the terminal block at which the auxiliary relay is located, the cover having through holes through which main fixed contacts penetrate in a state where the auxiliary relay is sealed; and an elastic member which is located between the auxiliary relay and the cover and which fixes the auxiliary relay in the axial direction together with the terminal block and the cover.

An electromagnetic switch for a starting device of an internal combustion engine may include a coil carrier, a coil winding, and a piston. The coil carrier may have a carrier wall which encloses a cavity. The coil winding may have a coil wire wound on a side of the carrier wall facing away from the cavity which provides a magnetic field within the cavity. The piston may be axially adjustable in the cavity. The piston may be disposed in a passive position and may be adjusted axially in a direction of a core. In the passive position, the piston and the core may define an axial gap therebetween in the cavity. The coil wire may have a first winding section and a second winding section wound in opposing directions. At least one winding of the second winding section may axially overlap the axial gap.

A starting method of a variable speed accelerator, which includes an electric device for generating rotational driving force and a transmission device for changing a speed of the rotational driving force generated by the electric device and transmits the changed rotational driving force to an object to be driven, the starting method includes: a constant speed electric motor starting step of starting a constant speed electric motor and gradually increasing a number of rotations in a first direction of a constant speed rotor and an internal gear; and a generator mode operating step of operating a variable speed electric motor in a generator mode and rotating a planetary gear carrier in the first direction, wherein the transmission device is a planetary gear transmission device, and wherein the electric device comprises: the constant speed electric motor.

A movable iron core, a primary attracting and holding coil, a resistor electrically connected to an upstream start-up electric contact, and an auxiliary attracting and holding coil electrically connected to the upstream start-up electric contact are included. The movable iron core displaces a pinion from a separated position to a contact position. After the pinion is displaced from the separated position to the contact position, the upstream start-up electric contact is electrically disconnected from another start-up electric contact to cut off a current to the motor, and the movable iron core displaces the pinion from the contact position to an engaged position with the magnetomotive force of the primary attracting and holding coil and a magnetomotive force of the auxiliary attracting and holding coil. After the pinion is displaced from the contact position to the engaged position, main electric contacts are electrically connected to resume electric connection to the motor.