Apparatus for attenuating a sound level comprising an enclosure having an inlet and an outlet, where an exhaust flow director is positioned within the enclosure and fluidly coupled to the inlet and the outlet. The exhaust flow director comprises a plurality of overlapping vanes that directs the exhaust flow to attenuate the level of the sound produced by the exhaust.

A system for mobile carbon capture, preferably including a capture module, a regeneration module, and a storage module 130. The system can optionally include a thermal control module and/or a dehumidifier. A method for mobile carbon capture, preferably including adsorbing a target species, desorbing the target species, and storing the target species. The method can optionally include pre-treating input gas, offloading stored species, and/or regenerating desiccators.

A post-treatment system includes two SCRs, a second SCR is connected to a booster in parallel, and a three-way valve is arranged before the second SCR and the booster, such that whether an exhaust gas flows through the second SCR or the booster is controlled by means of controlling the three-way valve. In the case of a low temperature, the three-way valve is controlled to close a branch of the booster, such that the exhaust gas flows through the second SCR and a first SCR that are connected in series, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the exhaust gas flowing through the booster, and improving the NO.sub.x conversion efficiency in the case of a low temperature. In a case of a high temperature, the three-way valve is controlled to close a by-pass line, such that the exhaust gas flows through the booster and the first SCR.

A system for mobile carbon capture, preferably including a capture module, a regeneration module, and a storage module 130. The system can optionally include a thermal control module and/or a dehumidifier. A method for mobile carbon capture, preferably including adsorbing a target species, desorbing the target species, and storing the target species. The method can optionally include pre-treating input gas, offloading stored species, and/or regenerating desiccators.

An exhaust purification system includes an electrochemical reactor provided in an engine exhaust passage; a bypass passage bypassing the electrochemical reactor; a flow control valve controlling an amount of exhaust gas, discharged from an engine body, flowing into the electrochemical reactor and the bypass passage; and a control device controlling the flow control valve. The electrochemical reactor includes a holding material holding NO.sub.X or HC and is configured so as to purify NO.sub.X or HC held at the holding material if energized. The control device controls the flow control valve so as to control the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the electrochemical reactor so that a temperature of the electrochemical reactor is maintained at less than a desorption start temperature where NO.sub.X or HC starts to be desorbed from the holding material.

An exhaust passage includes a main passage and bypass passage, a catalyst, an exhaust control valve, and an HC adsorbent in the bypass passage. The exhaust control valve is controlled so that, when a temperature of the catalyst is higher than a predetermined sintering occurrence temperature, the quality of HC desorbed from the HC adsorbent is greater when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing through the upstream exhaust passage portion is a lean air-fuel ratio compared to when it is a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or rich air-fuel ratio, or the quality of HC desorbed from the HC adsorbent is greater when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing through the upstream exhaust passage portion is a larger lean air-fuel ratio compared to when it is a smaller lean air-fuel ratio.

An exhaust gas purification device includes a first catalyst, a bypass pipe, a second catalyst, and a switching controller. The first catalyst is provided in an exhaust pipe. The bypass pipe branches from a first portion of the exhaust pipe. The first portion is located upstream of the first catalyst. The bypass pipe is recoupled to a second portion of the exhaust pipe. The second portion is located upstream of the first catalyst. The second catalyst is provided in the bypass pipe. The switching controller is configured to switch a flow path of an exhaust gas to the bypass pipe based on a deterioration degree of the first catalyst.

An exhaust passage includes a main passage and bypass passage, a catalyst, an exhaust control valve, and an HC adsorbent in the bypass passage. The exhaust control valve is controlled so that, when a temperature of the catalyst is higher than a predetermined sintering occurrence temperature, the quality of HC desorbed from the HC adsorbent is greater when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing through the upstream exhaust passage portion is a lean air-fuel ratio compared to when it is a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or rich air-fuel ratio, or the quality of HC desorbed from the HC adsorbent is greater when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing through the upstream exhaust passage portion is a larger lean air-fuel ratio compared to when it is a smaller lean air-fuel ratio.

Apparatus for attenuating a sound level comprising an enclosure having an inlet and an outlet, where an exhaust flow director is positioned within the enclosure and fluidly coupled to the inlet and the outlet. The exhaust flow director comprises a plurality of overlapping vanes that directs the exhaust flow to attenuate the level of the sound produced by the exhaust.

A system operates to bypass one or more exhaust purifying devices during deceleration fuel cut-off (DFCO) events in order to avoid hydrocarbon purging. The system includes an internal combustion engine and exhaust purifying system including a first purifying device and a second purifying device. An exhaust gas sensor monitors an exhaust gas feedstream. A diverter valve is disposed to manage the exhaust gas feedstream and fluidly coupled to an exhaust diversion pipe. A controller detects operation of the engine in a DFCO state and monitors the exhaust gas feedstream via the exhaust sensor. The diverter valve is controlled to divert the exhaust gas feedstream away from at least one of the first and second purifying devices during the DFCO event when the exhaust gas feedstream has an air/fuel ratio that is greater than a threshold air/fuel ratio.