A system for diagnosing an improper reductant concentration includes: a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst unit, a doser configured to dose reductant into a chamber of the SCR catalyst unit, a reductant concentration sensor, and a controller. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to: direct the doser to dose the reductant into the chamber of the SCR catalyst unit, based on information received from the reductant concentration sensor, determine a reductant concentration level in the chamber of the SCR catalyst unit, compare a measured system-out NO.sub.x value to at least one benchmark value corresponding to the determined reductant concentration level, and determine a status of the reductant dosed by the doser based on the comparison of the measured system-out NO.sub.x value to the at least one benchmark value.

A method for heating an operating agent for a rail vehicle, particularly for heating a reducing agent for the after-treatment of exhaust gas. A coolant liquid is pumped through a cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine by a pump when the operating agent heating system is in an operating mode and, also in the operating mode, the coolant liquid can be pumped through a main heating circuit by the pump in order to heat the operating agent in a reservoir. In a preheating mode, the main heating circuit for the operating agent is uncoupled in a substantially fluid-mechanical manner from the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine. The cooling circuit functions as a first sub-circuit of a preheating circuit and the uncoupled main heating circuit functions as a section of a second sub-circuit of the preheating circuit.

An aftertreatment system includes an exhaust reductant tank configured to store an exhaust reductant. A filter is fluidically coupled to the exhaust reductant tank. The aftertreatment system includes a hydrocarbon detection device configured to indicate the presence of a hydrocarbon in the exhaust reductant. A catalyst is included in the system and configured to treat the exhaust reductant flowing through the system. The hydrocarbon detection device can include a hydrophobic paper, and can be disposed in the filter.

A method (200) for operating an exhaust gas burner (120) in an exhaust section (102) of an internal combustion engine (110), comprising introducing a purging fluid comprising at least air (20) into the exhaust gas burner (120) during a purging operating phase (205), which lies outside the time of a normal operating phase (201) of the exhaust gas burner (120), and discharging a discharge mixture formed using the purging fluid from the exhaust gas burner (120), wherein the exhaust gas burner (120) is operated for the purpose of heating a component (130, 150) of the exhaust section (102) to its operating temperature during the normal operating phase (201). A processor unit (140) and a computer program for carrying out such a method (200) are furthermore proposed.

A device for the production of water on board a vehicle comprising a duct, where an air flow flows; a tank, which contains a quantity of adsorbing material and is arranged along the duct; a first and a second adjustment valve for the adjustment of the duct, which are arranged upstream and downstream, respectively, of the tank and are movable between an opening position, in which the air flow can flow towards the tank, and a closing position, in which the air flow cannot flow towards the tank, and vice versa; wherein the first and the second adjustment valve are controlled in a synchronous and concordant manner; and a heating element, which is designed to heat the adsorbing material when the first and the second adjustment valve are in the closing position.

An exhaust gas purification system includes a tank for storing a fluid and a mounting plate coupled to the tank. A baffle is positioned inside the tank below the mounting plate. The baffle has an outer wall defining an interior cavity and an opening. A sensor is positioned in the interior cavity for detecting a condition of the fluid. A supply conduit extends through the mounting plate into the tank. A return conduit extends through the mounting plate into the tank and has an outlet positioned to discharge a return fluid below the opening and exterior to the baffle and the interior cavity.

A method of adjusting and displaying urea solution level measurement value may include measuring urea solution concentration injected into a urea solution tank by a urea solution quality sensor, determining whether unclean urea solution is injected into the urea solution tank by the measured urea solution concentration, adjusting urea solution level value according to the urea solution concentration when the unclean urea solution is injected into the urea solution tank, comparing urea solution level measurement value with reference urea solution level measurement value, and lighting up a warning lamp when the urea solution level measurement value is lower than the reference urea solution level measurement value.

An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine 1 comprises a catalyst 28 arranged in an exhaust passage 27 of the internal combustion engine, a fuel supply device supplying fuel to the catalyst through the exhaust passage, and a control device 80 configured to control the supply of fuel by the fuel supply device. The control device is configured to calculate a concentration in exhaust gas of fuel supplied to the exhaust passage by the fuel supply device and a saturation vapor pressure concentration of the fuel and supply fuel from the fuel supply device to the catalyst only if the concentration in the exhaust gas is higher than the saturation vapor pressure concentration.

Unenhanced DEF and anhydrous solid reductant capable of forming ammonia are mixed to create enhanced DEF which is injected into an engine exhaust aftertreatment system which performs selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of engine-out exhaust.

An aftertreatment system includes an exhaust reductant tank configured to store an exhaust reductant. A filter is fluidically coupled to the exhaust reductant tank. The aftertreatment system includes a hydrocarbon detection device configured to indicate the presence of a hydrocarbon in the exhaust reductant. A catalyst is included in the system and configured to treat the exhaust reductant flowing through the system. The hydrocarbon detection device can include a hydrophobic paper, and can be disposed in the filter.