A rolling bearing is a tapered roller bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing, or a deep groove ball bearing including an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element, each of the inner ring, the outer ring, and the rolling element being composed of a steel, the rolling bearing having a quench-hardened layer in at least one of an inner ring raceway surface of the inner ring, an outer ring raceway surface of the outer ring, and a rolling contact surface of the rolling element. A ratio of a total area of a plurality of martensite crystal grains in the quench-hardened layer is more than or equal to 70%. The plurality of martensite crystal grains are classified into a first group and a second group. An average grain size of the martensite crystal grains belonging to the first group is less than or equal to 0.97 μm.

A disconnection assembly has a one-way clutch. The one-way clutch serves to either connect or disconnect the power connection of a vehicle. The disconnection assembly is installed in a reducer including an intermediate shaft, a bushing, an outer gear and a one-way clutch. The bushing is secured to the intermediate shaft by spline. The one-way clutch is disposed between the bushing and the outer gear. The one-way clutch is locked to drive the rotation of the intermediate shaft through the bushing when the outer gear rotates in a first direction, and the one-way clutch is released to allow the outer gear rotates freely when the outer gear rotates in a second direction.

A forged outer ring of a tapered wheel bearing incudes a conical ring section having a first end and a second end, a flange section and a central ring section having a first end at the flange section and a second end at the conical ring section. An inner surface of the conical ring section is configured to form a raceway for a first set of tapered rollers. An inner diameter of the first end of the conical ring section is smaller than an inner diameter of the second end of the central ring section and a wall thickness of the second end of the conical ring section is greater than a wall thickness of the first end of the conical ring section.

A hub structure includes an axle housing, a hub having an insertion hole in a vehicle width direction through which the axle housing is inserted, and an inner bearing disposed between the hub and the axle housing in the insertion hole and rotatably supporting the hub with respect to the axle housing, and an oil seal disposed between the hub and the axle housing in the insertion hole on an inner side relative to the inner bearing in the vehicle width direction. A spacer is provided between the inner bearing and the oil seal in the insertion hole. The spacer has an outer end surface that is contactable with an inner end surface of an inner race of the inner bearing.

A rotational coupling including a bearing assembly including a first race rotatably coupled to a second race, wherein the first race is configured to receive a plurality of first fasteners to couple the first race and the bearing assembly to a fluid supply. The rotational coupling also including a connection flange coupled to the second race and configured to receive a plurality of second fasteners to couple the connection flange to the second race. The second race includes a first side facing the connection flange and a second side opposite the first side and facing the first race, wherein the second race includes at least one access aperture configured to enable access to the plurality of first fasteners from the first side to removably couple the bearing assembly to the fluid supply.

A tapered roller bearing is provided in which, in order to prevent a sharp rise in temperature and rotate the bearing smoothly even when the bearing is used under sever lubrication conditions, when considering: (i) a reference point which is the intersection point between the imaginary line extending from the generatrix of the raceway surface of the inner ring toward a grinding undercut, and the imaginary line extending from the generatrix of a large flange surface toward the grinding undercut; (ii) the undercut width A of the grinding undercut from the reference point to the large flange surface; and (iii) the width RC of a chamfer of each tapered roller in the direction along the generatrix of the large flange surface, the width RC is 0.7 mm or less and the relationship between A and RC is A<RC.

An electrically-actuated variable camshaft timing (VCT) device, comprising: an input configured to receive rotational force from an electric motor; an output configured to couple with a camshaft of an internal combustion engine; a planet gear having radially outwardly extending gear teeth configured to engage ring gears and a radially-inwardly-facing surface; a planet pin, supporting the planet gear, having an outer surface and an axis of rotation about which the planet gear rotates; and a spring applying force in a substantially axial direction along the axis of rotation that moves the planet gear in a radial direction.

Provided is a friction design method capable of estimating sliding friction generated between mutual sliding surfaces of two sliding members lubricated with lubricant with high precision. The friction design method sets a friction coefficient μ in a sliding surface model corresponding to mutual sliding surfaces of two sliding members (2 and 3) lubricated with lubricant (step S1), and, based on a correlation between the friction coefficient μ and an oil film parameter (Λ(Rk) or Λ(Rk+Rpk)) calculated using a core portion level difference (Rk) or a sum of the core portion level difference (Rk) and reduced peak height (Rpk) as a parameter representing surface roughness in the sliding surface model (step S2), sets a target value for surface roughness of the sliding surfaces required to be controlled as a product (steps S3 to S6).

A lock nut is useable for setting a bearing to preload or endplay. A plurality of preload markings are circumferentially spaced apart on the nut. The distance between the preload marking corresponding to a preselected amount of preload applied or reduced on said bearing when the nut is (i) tightened to apply a preload force to said bearing or (ii) loosened to reduce a preload force on said bearing, respectively. A plurality of endplay markings are also circumferentially spaced apart on the nut. The distance between the endplay markings, corresponding to a preselected amount of endplay increased or reduced in said bearing when the nut is (i) tightened to reduce endplay on the bearing or (ii) loosened to increase endplay in said bearing. The use of endplay and preload markings enables setting of a bearing on an axle or spindle to either an endplay setting or a preload setting by adjusting the rotation of the lock nut according to the endplay markings or the preload markings, respectively.

A rolling bearing has an inner and an outer bearing ring. Each bearing ring has an inner and an outer shell surface. The roller bearing has rolling elements, which roll on raceways provided on the respective shell surfaces of the bearing rings, and a sealing disc connected to one of the bearing rings and operatively connected in a sealing manner to the other bearing ring. To connect the sealing disc to the bearing ring, one of the shell surfaces of the one bearing ring includes a first connecting means and the sealing disc includes a second connecting means. The first connecting means provide a rotating engagement in which the second connecting means engage in a connected state of the bearing ring and the sealing disc.