Disclosed is a driving system having an oil circulation structure in which churned oil is collected in a housing and in which the collected oil is efficiently distributed to driving structures, which include a motor and a speed reducer, thereby smoothly cooling and lubricating the respective driving structures. In addition, it is possible to adjust the level of the oil depending on whether the driving structures are in a low-load state or a high-load state, thereby improving lubrication and cooling performance.

A method for automated gearbox design includes: instantiating the gearbox model having an initial parameter state in a modeling environment; analyzing and/or characterizing the gearbox model in the modeling environment to determine gearbox model performance; and determining whether the gearbox model performance satisfies a performance target. Upon a determination that the gearbox model performance does not satisfy the performance target: a reward is calculated based on the gearbox model performance; a reinforcement machine learning agent determines a parameter change action based on the reward and a current parameter state of the gearbox model; and an updated parameter state of the gearbox model is determined based on the parameter change action.

In a drive device, a first flow path of a fluid connects a gear accommodation portion and an inlet of a pump. A second flow path connects an outlet of the pump and one end of a third flow path via a cooler. The third flow path is inside a partition wall of a housing and intersects a rotation axis of a first shaft. A fourth flow path connects another end of the third flow path and one end of a fifth flow path. The fifth flow path is inside a gear side lid of the housing. Another end of the fifth flow path is connected to one end of a second shaft in an axial direction. One end of a sixth flow path is connected to another end of the third flow path. Another end of the sixth flow path is inside a housing tubular portion.

A gearwheel arrangement for a transmission of a vehicle, such as an electric vehicle, including: a shaft extending along a longitudinal axis of rotation, including an internal axial duct for guiding lubricant, a gearwheel including a base portion centered on the shaft and a plurality of gear teeth provided around a periphery of the gearwheel, the gearwheel preferably being configured for common rotation with the shaft. The gearwheel arrangement further includes an internal radial duct for guiding lubricant from the internal axial duct to the gear teeth. The internal radial duct may extend at least in part behind a gearwheel cover.

A shroud is provided and includes first and second curved sections, at least one of which defines a main interior channel and at least one of first and second lube jet sections integrated with the first and second curved sections. The first lube jet section includes a summit at which proximal portions of the first and second curved sections meet and defines a first jetting interior channel fluidly communicative with the main interior channel and terminating at the summit The second lube jet section includes an elongate member extending from one of the first and second curved sections and defines a second jetting interior channel fluidly communicative with the main interior channel and terminating at a distal end of the elongate member.

An electrically-operated electric drive module for use in a vehicle framework that is configured for a powertrain that includes an internal combustion engine. The electrically-operated electric drive module permits the vehicle to be converted to an electrically propelled vehicle in a manner that is cost-effective and which is relatively low in weight.

A passive lubrication system for lubricating components of a gearbox is provided. The passive lubrication system includes a first sump, formed in a housing of the gearbox, for holding a lubricant fluid for lubricating components of the gearbox and a second sump formed in the housing of the gearbox, the second sump for capturing lubricant fluid displaced, by rotation of the gear wheel, from the first sump, the second sump having one or more openings for directing lubricant fluid captured in the second sump to the one or more components of the single speed drive system to provide lubrication to the one or more components of the single speed drive system. The passive lubrication system also includes a channel formed in the housing of the gearbox, the channel for channeling lubricant fluid, displaced by rotation of the gear wheel, from the first sump to the second sump.

An electric axle drive for a motor vehicle includes at least one electric motor, a differential transmission drivable by the electric motor, a first housing part that at least partially surrounds the differential transmission, a second housing part formed separately from the first housing part and at least partially surrounding the electric motor, and a third housing part formed separately from the first and second housing parts. The first and second housing parts are directly connected to each other by a first flange connection. The second and third housing parts are directly connected to each other by a third flange connection. The third housing part is designed to at least partially support a sub-transmission for connecting the differential transmission to the electric motor. The first and third housing parts are directly connected to each other by a second flange connection.

An Amphibious Vehicle (AV) is capable of planing with less power than prior similar size amphibious vehicles and using mostly off-the-shelf part. The AV uses an outdrive and propellor instead of a pump, and also include leading rear wheel well flaps which are spring biased forward against the hull bottom for on-road use, and pivot back to fill a gap between the hull and rear tire, reducing drag during in-water use. The combination of the propellor and wheel well flap allows planing with less horse power. An engine faces to the rear and either reversing differentials to reversing carrier and hubs provide correct wheel rotation. A reversing gear box attaches to an engine front and reverses rotation providing correct rotation for an outdrive and propellor.

A portal gear box assembly for an all-terrain vehicle includes: a portal gear box housing a set of gears and linking an axle to an output shaft; a lubricating oil contained in the gear box; and a fluid circulation loop that circulates a cooling fluid to a cooling location outside the gear box. The cooling fluid may be a lubricating oil. The fluid circulation loop may include a pump and/or a filter. The cooling location may pass the fluid through a structure such as a radiator or other cooler. The circulation loop and/or any radiator/cooler, filter, or pump contained therein, may serve a single portal gear box, or may serve two or more portal gear box assemblies.