A nutritional supplement for increasing cognitive functioning. The supplement includes a flavonoid such as luteolin and a labdane diterpene such as forskolin. The supplement can also include one or any combination of L-phenylalanine, L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, and vitamin B6 . Artichoke extract can be used as a source of luteolin. Methods of using the nutritional supplements to increase cognitive functioning are also included.

A nutritional supplement for increasing cognitive functioning. The supplement includes a flavonoid such as luteolin and a labdane diterpene such as forskolin. The supplement can also include one or any combination of L-phenylalanine, L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, and vitamin B6 . Artichoke extract can be used as a source of luteolin. Methods of using the nutritional supplements to increase cognitive functioning are also included.

Disclosed is a nutritional composition for use in modulating or reducing inflammation in an adult or elderly individual in need thereof. In some aspects, the nutritional composition comprises a neutral human milk oligosaccharide.

A composition interacts with a biological cell system that includes bioactive molecules with biomolecular surfaces, cellular components and water molecules with a specific density. The composition includes a biologically active component that is constructed to increase an activity of a biological cell system by increasing the hydration of one or more components of that cell system. The biologically active component may include a primary carbohydrate clathrate subcomponent that increases the H-bonded structure of water, and a secondary solute subcomponent. The biologically active component may include an inclusion complex that is made up of a clathrate component and a complex-forming compound. The clathrate subcomponent may include amyloses or cyclodextrins. There is also a beverage and a method that improves cellular hydration in an animal, such as a human.

A composition interacts with a biological cell system that includes bioactive molecules with biomolecular surfaces, cellular components and water molecules with a specific density. The composition includes a biologically active component that is constructed to increase an activity of a biological cell system by increasing the hydration of one or more components of that cell system. The biologically active component may include a primary carbohydrate clathrate subcomponent that increases the H-bonded structure of water, and a secondary solute subcomponent. The biologically active component may include an inclusion complex that is made up of a clathrate component and a complex-forming compound. The clathrate subcomponent may include amyloses or cyclodextrins. There is also a beverage and a method that improves cellular hydration in an animal, such as a human.

A triglyceride oil-in-glycerin emulsion with triglyceride oil in an amount equal to between forty and seventy percent of the emulsion on a weight basis, glycerin in an amount equal to between twenty and sixty percent of the emulsion on a weight basis, and lecithin in an amount equal to between one and ten percent of the emulsion on a weight basis. The lecithin has a hydrophilic lipophilic balance value in the range of four to seven and contains at least ten percent phosphatidylcholine on a weight basis. The free fatty acids in the emulsion have an acid value of less than two. The emulsion does not contain any preservatives.

A triglyceride oil-in-glycerin emulsion with triglyceride oil in an amount equal to between forty and seventy percent of the emulsion on a weight basis, glycerin in an amount equal to between twenty and sixty percent of the emulsion on a weight basis, and lecithin in an amount equal to between one and ten percent of the emulsion on a weight basis. The lecithin has a hydrophilic lipophilic balance value in the range of four to seven and contains at least ten percent phosphatidylcholine on a weight basis. The free fatty acids in the emulsion have an acid value of less than two. The emulsion does not contain any preservatives.

An oral controlled-release multiparticulate dosage form comprises a plurality of individually enteric coated particulates containing an L-carnitine that independently disperse in a patient's stomach after oral ingestion and travel through the stomach and past the pyloric sphincter without substantially releasing the L-carnitine in the stomach. The individual particulates contain a solid core containing the L-carnitine, and an enteric coating. The dosage form may be used to treat conditions associated with a reduction of the amount of L-carnitine in the body.

An oral controlled-release multiparticulate dosage form comprises a plurality of individually enteric coated particulates containing an L-carnitine that independently disperse in a patient's stomach after oral ingestion and travel through the stomach and past the pyloric sphincter without substantially releasing the L-carnitine in the stomach. The individual particulates contain a solid core containing the L-carnitine, and an enteric coating. The dosage form may be used to treat conditions associated with a reduction of the amount of L-carnitine in the body.

The present invention provides dietary formulations comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E. The present invention further provides methods of treating various conditions, generally involving administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of a subject dietary formulation.