A cryogenic vaporization system and method are provided. A first heat exchanger heats a liquid cryogen via indirect heat exchange to output a cryogenic vapor at a first temperature. A second heat exchanger receives the cryogenic vapor at the first temperature. The second heat exchanger heats the cryogenic vapor via indirect heat exchange to a second temperature. The cryogenic vapor at the second temperature is recirculated to the first heat exchanger to heat the liquid cryogen and cool the recirculated cryogenic vapor to a third temperature. A third heat exchanger receives the cryogenic vapor at the third temperature. The third heat exchanger heats the cryogenic vapor to a fourth temperature. The third heat exchanger outputs the cryogenic vapor at the fourth temperature.

Marinized systems for vaporizing including a water bath vaporizer utilizing a slosh chamber having reduced water surface area to reduce the effects of wave created when the vaporizer is in motion, and systems utilizing such vaporizer, and to methods of making and using such systems.

A method for temperature-controlled delivery of the gaseous product at temperatures at or below ambient in the event of an air separation unit failure. In one embodiment, a first portion of a stored cryogenic liquid product is sent to the back-up vaporizer and heated to ambient conditions, and a second portion of stored cryogenic liquid product, which is at the cryogenic storage temperature, bypasses the back-up vaporizer using a bypass line controlled by a bypass valve and is mixed with the vaporized gas. This mixed stream will then preferably go through a static mixer in order to get to an homogenous temperature that is below the ambient temperature. A temperature control loop can be used to adjust the opening of the by-pass valve in order to reach the desired product temperature.

An intelligent pressure management system that controls the pressure inside a cryogenic tank between variable target vapor pressure values and/or ranges that are set as a function of system operating conditions, by actuating one or more actively controllable valves, based on a signal received from a pressure sensor that measures the pressure inside the pressurized tank. The variable target vapor pressure values and/or ranges are determined as a function of system operating conditions including the vapor volume in the storage space and a fluid flow demanded by the use device. The target vapor pressure can also be adjusted based on a geographical location, predictive system operation mode, a learned operator use pattern and/or a learned system use pattern.

Floating marinized water bath vaporizer utilizing a slosh chamber having reduced water surface area to reduce the effects of wave created which the vaporizer is in motion, and systems utilizing such vaporizer, and to methods of making and using such vaporizer.

A system and method for supplying a backup product in an air separation device, as well as a system and method for supplying a lower-pressure product to a user by means of pressurization of a cryogenic liquid pump during normal operation of an air separation device, i.e., when the cryogenic liquid pump is in the cold standby state. By means of the system and method, a cryogenic liquid product taken from a storage tank is pressurized by the cryogenic liquid pump to produce a lower-pressure product by taking full advantage of the low-speed operation of the cryogenic liquid pump in the cold standby state, and the lower-pressure product is transmitted to product supply lines of a user, to achieve the function of supplying the lower-pressure product to the user. The system and method not only reduce the energy loss of the cryogenic liquid pump in the cold standby state for a long time, but also avoid the bleeding rate of the cryogenic liquid product generated by sending a part of the cryogenic liquid product back to the storage tank, so that the advantage of quickly starting the cryogenic liquid pump from the cold standby state is ensured, and the requirements of the user to the higher-pressure product and the lower-pressure product can be satisfied.

A system delivers carbon dioxide to a sequestration facility which may have photosynthetic organisms, such as crops, plants, and trees. The system has a containment structure which houses a volume of liquid or solid carbon dioxide (dry ice). The containment structure has a containment structure inlet and a containment structure outlet. A gas source provides a fluid to the containment structure through the containment structure inlet. Upon entry into the containment structure, the gas or a saturated liquid encounters the solid or liquid carbon dioxide causing sublimation or evaporation, resulting in the formation of carbon dioxide gas or liquid which flows out of the containment structure through the containment structure outlet. The gas entering the containment structure may also have subcooled CO2 liquid or solid (snow), which replenishes the solid or liquid within the containment structure. To supplement evaporation or sublimation of the subcooled liquid or solid, heating means are used. A distribution line connected to the containment structure outlet delivers carbon dioxide gas or liquid which is flashed to gas upon release by CO2 emitters to the photosynthetic organisms.

A system for depressurizing a gas in a pipeline is described. The system com-prises an expander configured and arranged for generating mechanical power by expanding gas from a first pressure to a second pressure. The system further comprises a heat pump and a heat transfer circuit containing a heat transfer fluid circu-lating therein, for receiving heat from the heat pump and delivering heat to the gas through a heat exchanger. A controller is further provided, configured and arranged for modulating a flow rate of the heat transfer fluid circulating in the heat transfer circuit as a function of a heat rate to be transferred from the heat transfer fluid to the gas, particularly as a function of temperature differentials between the gas and the heat transfer fluid at a gas inlet side and a gas outlet side of the heat exchang-er.

An intelligent pressure management system that controls the pressure inside a cryogenic tank between variable target vapor pressure values and/or ranges that are set as a function of system operating conditions, by actuating one or more actively controllable valves, based on a signal received from a pressure sensor that measures the pressure inside the pressurized tank. The variable target vapor pressure values and/or ranges are determined as a function of system operating conditions including the vapor volume in the storage space and a fluid flow demanded by the use device. The target vapor pressure can also be adjusted based on a geographical location, predictive system operation mode, a learned operator use pattern and/or a learned system use pattern.

Marinized water bath vaporizer utilizing a slosh chamber having reduced water surface area to reduce the effects of wave created which the vaporizer is in motion, and systems utilizing such vaporizer, and to methods of making and using such vaporizer.