A water heating apparatus includes: a water container configured to heat water via a convection process by receiving the water through an inlet and passing water through an outlet; and one positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating element or a plurality of PTC heating elements arranged within the water container and configured to be immersed during the convection process. The plurality of PTC heating elements have a gap between each PTC heating element. Further, the water heating apparatus includes at least one ultrasonic transducer attached to the water container and configured to project ultrasound onto and around the PTC heating element or the plurality PTC heating elements within the water container and to descale the PTC heating element or the plurality of PTC heating elements.

An electric heating device comprised a housing having a partition wall, which separates a connection chamber from a heating chamber for dissipating heat and from which at least one PTC heating element protrudes as a heating rib in the direction toward the heating chamber. The PTC heating device comprises at least one PTC element and conductor tracks that are electrically connected in the connection chamber for energizing the PTC element with different polarities and that are connected to the PTC element in an electrically conductive manner The heating chamber, in a top view onto the partition wall, has a substantially rectangular base area. The PTC heating devices are arranged obliquely relative to the base area for a more compact configuration of the electric heating device.

A heating apparatus is disclosed. The heating apparatus comprises a PTC heating element, a first electrode, a second electrode, a first protection layer, a second protection layer, a first interlayer, and a second interlayer. A hardness of the first protection layer is greater than that of the first interlayer. A hardness of the second protection layer is greater than that of the second interlayer.

A PTC liquid heating device comprises a housing extending along a longitudinal axis and defining a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. A PTC heating unit is inserted into the housing and extends along the longitudinal axis. The PTC heating unit includes a sleeve, a heat conductor and at least one PTC heating core. The heat conductor has a pair of metal profiles defining at least one chamber, the at least one chamber extending along the longitudinal axis to receive the at least one PTC heating core. The heat conductor is located in the sleeve and has a shape matching the sleeve. The PTC liquid heating device provides uniform and efficient heat transfer. In addition, the PTC liquid heating device has improved corrosion resistance and insulation properties, thereby prolonging the service life of the PTC liquid heating device.

An electric heating device includes a housing having a partition wall which separates a connection chamber from a heating chamber for dissipating heat and from which at least one receiving pocket, protruding into the heating chamber as a heating rib tapering towards its lower, closed end protrudes. A PTC heating element includes at least one PTC element and conductor tracks for energizing the PTC element with different polarities. The conductor tracks are electrically conductively connected to the PTC element and are electrically connected in the connection chamber. A pressure element is received which holds heat extraction surfaces of the PTC element abutted against oppositely disposed inner surfaces of the receiving pocket. The pressure element includes a sheet metal strip which, by punching and bending, forms spring segments protruding from the plane of the sheet metal strip. The spring elements are provided in a planar manner distributed over a heat extraction surface of the PTC element provided adjoining the respective pressure element.

A heating device for installation in a vehicle tank for reducing agent, which is introduced into an exhaust tract of a motor vehicle for exhaust gas aftertreatment. The heating device includes at least one electrical heating element and a heat distribution body, wherein the at least one electrical heating element includes a PTC heating element, and wherein the PTC heating element is arranged in thermally conductive contact with the heat distribution body. According to the invention, the heat distribution body has a heat conduction device which is designed to distribute heat from the PTC heating element in a targeted manner within the heat distribution body. The invention also specifies a vehicle tank with such a heating device.

An electrical heater device comprises an heating element, which includes two electrodes and a heating body made of a polymer-based material having a PTC effect, in contact with the electrodes. Each electrode comprises a meshed structure, which extends in a length direction and in a width direction, and is embedded at least partially in the heating body. Each electrode further comprises an electrical-distribution element which is fixed to the meshed structure and includes a distribution portion that extends in the length direction, or in the width direction, or in both the length and width directions of the meshed structure.

Flow heater comprising a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a plate shaped heating insert that is arranged in the housing and defines a flow path from the inlet to the outlet. According to this disclosure the plate shaped heating insert comprises a first heating plate, a second heating plate, and a plate support arranged between the first heating plate and the second heating plate, wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are arranged on opposite sides of the plate support, and the first heating plate and the second heating plate each comprise a substrate plate carrying a resistive layer.

A modularized combined intelligent heat collector system, comprising a PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source main engine, a data control template, a constant-temperature and constant-pressure device and a variable-frequency pump; the variable-frequency pump and the PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source main engine are connected to the data control template; the outlet end of the PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source main engine is connected to the constant-temperature and constant-pressure device; the outlet end of the constant-temperature and constant-pressure device is connected to the PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source main engine through the variable-frequency pump; the PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source main engine directly leads out a user heating pipeline; and/or the PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source main engine leads out the user heating pipeline through the constant-temperature and constant-pressure device, and is connected to a heat exchanger of a user water heater.

A PTC heating element has a casing that joins as a unit at least one PTC element, conductor paths electrically connected to the PTC element, and insulating layers bearing, in a heat-conductive manner against the PTC element. The PTC heating element also has contact strips which project over itself and which are electrically conductively connected to the conductor paths for energizing the PTC element with different polarities. The casing forms a receptacle space that receives the PTC element, the conductor paths, and the insulating layers. In order to improve heat decoupling from the PTC element, the receptacle, in a cross-sectional view, is defined by two oppositely disposed inner surfaces covering the PTC element and concave cavities, adjoining the inner surfaces and forming the longitudinal edges of the casing, the diameter of which is greater than the distance between the inner surfaces. The electric heating device has at least one PTC heating element arranged in a circulation chamber. Also disclosed is a method in which the casing is first formed, the PTC element, the conductor paths and the insulating layers are then introduced through an opening of the casing into the receptacle space, and the casing then is deformed by deforming forces acting upon edge regions of the casing, so that oppositely disposed inner surfaces of the casing are abutted against the insulating layers.