A system or method for determining virtual data of a system, relative to a measurement point having a sensor located nearby, is determined by a controller. The system calculates modeled data at the measurement point, filters the modeled data to determine filtered data, and calculates a differential between the modeled data and the filtered data to determine a compensation term. The system also determines raw-sensed data from the sensor at the measurement point, and combines that raw-sensed data with the compensation data to calculate the virtual data at the measurement point. In some configurations, the modeled data is determined from a physics-based model. Furthermore, filtering the modeled data may include using a low-pass filter, and a time constant for the low-pass filter may be calculated based on operating conditions of the system.

In various embodiments, methods, systems, and vehicle apparatuses are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a method is provided that includes obtaining a set of inputs, by a processor, pertaining to one or more features that are used to predict the purge flow of a purge canister system of an intake system of a vehicle; obtaining data, by the processor, from sensors about the vehicle's intake system for use by a neural network to enable the processor to classify the set of inputs including the one or more features for purge flow control for use in predicting a presence of purge content in the vehicle's intake system; and obtaining, by the processor, an output from the neural network wherein the output is configured as a binary or continuous output to instruct a vehicle controller to execute an action to fueling control by letting fueling controller choose different gain sets and adaption strategy based on the binary output flag in a case of the binary-output model, or apply an adjustment factor to fueling command in case of a continuous model.

An engine control apparatus includes a throttle valve, an accelerator opening detector, a throttle opening controller, and an intake air density detector. The throttle valve is configured to regulate an intake air volume of an engine. The accelerator opening detector is configured to detect an accelerator opening that is an operation amount of an accelerator operation member with which a driver operates an accelerator. The throttle opening controller is configured to increase a throttle opening of the throttle valve in accordance with an increase in the accelerator opening. The intake air density detector is configured to detect information about an intake air density of the engine. In a low intake air density state where the intake air density is a predetermined value or lower, the throttle opening controller decreases a sensitivity of the throttle opening relative to the accelerator opening in a partial range of a range where the accelerator opening is variable.

A method for operating an internal combustion engine having an injection system which has a high-pressure accumulator, high pressure in the high-pressure accumulator being controlled via a suction throttle on the low-pressure side, acting as a first pressure control element in a first high-pressure control loop. During normal operation, a high-pressure disturbance variable is produced by a pressure regulating valve on the high-pressure side, acting as an additional pressure control element, via which fuel is re-directed from the high-pressure accumulator into a fuel reservoir, the at least one pressure regulating valve being controlled, during normal operation, based on a set volumetric flow rate for the fuel to be re-directed. A temporal development of the set volumetric rate is sensed and the set volumetric flow rate is filtered, a time constant for the filtering of the set volumetric flow rate being selected as a function of the sensed temporal development.

An engine speed control device performing: a first PID gain calculation step of calculating a target engine speed to thereby calculate a first PID gain based on an engine speed deviation between the target engine speed and an engine speed; a target rack position calculation step of correcting the first PID gain based on a cooling water temperature to thereby calculate a target rack position of a fuel injection pump; a second PID gain calculation step of calculating a second PID gain based on a rack position deviation between the target rack position and a rack position; and a rack control signal producing step of correcting the second PID gain based on a lubricating oil temperature to thereby produce a rack control signal. The engine speed control device thus controls an engine speed by controlling the rack position based on the rack control signal.

An engine control apparatus includes a throttle valve, an accelerator opening detector, a throttle opening controller, and an intake air density detector. The throttle valve is configured to regulate an intake air volume of an engine. The accelerator opening detector is configured to detect an accelerator opening that is an operation amount of an accelerator operation member with which a driver operates an accelerator. The throttle opening controller is configured to increase a throttle opening of the throttle valve in accordance with an increase in the accelerator opening. The intake air density detector is configured to detect information about an intake air density of the engine. In a low intake air density state where the intake air density is a predetermined value or lower, the throttle opening controller decreases a sensitivity of the throttle opening relative to the accelerator opening in a partial range of a range where the accelerator opening is variable.

A driver circuit drives a heater associated with a sensor in an exhaust system of a vehicle at a duty cycle. A feedback circuit generates a feedback signal indicating a temperature of the sensor. A ramp circuit outputs a first ramping set point indicating a first rate at which the temperature of the sensor is to be changed over a first time period after an engine of the vehicle is turned on, and a second ramping set point indicating a second rate at which the temperature of the sensor is to be changed after the first time period until the temperature of the sensor reaches a predetermined temperature. An error circuit generates first and second error signals based on the feedback signal and the first and second ramping set points. A controller controls the duty cycle of the driver circuit to drive the heater based on one or more gains.

In an electronically controlled throttle control device in which a throttle control output command calculated by an electronic control unit (ECU) is calculated based on a throttle main control command, calculated from a throttle opening deviation which is a difference between a throttle opening command and a throttle opening detection signal, and a throttle correction control command which is a value obtained by integrating a product of the throttle opening deviation and a coefficient, the coefficient for calculation of the throttle correction control command is changed depending on a driving state based on an acceleration state and a deceleration state of a throttle and a small throttle deviation state.

An engine intake system control device configured to control an intake system of an engine, having a map function that inputs at least a fuel injection pressure of the engine, a fresh air flow, and a compressor outlet temperature of a supercharger, and outputs a control gain; and a control unit that inputs the control gain and a deviation between a controlled variable of the intake system of the engine and a target value thereof, and controls a manipulated variable of the intake system of the engine.

A method is presented for regulating a filling of an exhaust gas component reservoir of a catalytic converter in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. Using a first catalytic converter model, an actual fill level of the exhaust gas component reservoir is ascertained. An aging state of the catalytic converter is determined; and a set of model parameters of the first catalytic converter model is allocated to the aging state; the individual model parameters being ascertained by interpolation from basic values of model parameters, the basic values having been determined for at least two different aging states of a catalytic converter of identical design.