An exhaust structure for a saddle riding vehicle includes: an exhaust pipe connected to an internal combustion engine; and a catalyst disposed in the exhaust pipe; the exhaust pipe including a catalyst case unit housing the catalyst and upstream side exhaust pipes disposed on an upstream side of the catalyst case unit; the catalyst case unit having a larger diameter than the upstream side exhaust pipes; the upstream side exhaust pipes being connected to the catalyst case unit in a connecting portion located on an upstream side of the catalyst in a flow of exhaust; in the connecting portion, axes of the upstream side exhaust pipes and an axis of the catalyst case unit being in substantially right-angled positional relation to each other.

The present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst including a base material and a catalyst layer 20 that is arranged on the base material. The catalyst layer 20 includes a catalyst metal and a carrying material carrying the catalyst metal. The catalyst layer 20 satisfies below: (1) in a pore distribution curve measured by a mercury porosimeter, a peak for the largest pore volume exists within a range of a pore diameter equal to or more than 1 μm and not more than 10 μm; and (2) on an electron microscopy observation image (with a 1000-fold magnification) of a surface of the catalyst layer 20, when areas of a plurality of voids comprised in the electron microscopy observation image are respectively calculated, a standard deviation for the areas of the plurality of voids is not more than 30 μm.sup.2.

The present invention provides an iron-loaded aluminosilicate zeolite having a maximum pore opening defined by eight tetrahedral atoms and having the framework type CHA, AEI, AFX, ERI or LTA, wherein the iron (Fe) is present in a range of from about 0.5 to about 5.0 wt. % based on the total weight of the iron-loaded aluminosilicate zeolite, wherein an ultraviolet-visible absorbance spectrum of the iron-loaded synthetic aluminosilicate zeolite comprises a band at approximately 280 nm, wherein a ratio of an integral, peak-fitted ultraviolet-visible absorbance signal measured in arbitrary units (a.u.) for the band at approximately 280 nm to an integral peak-fitted ultraviolet-visible absorbance signal measured in arbitrary units (a.u.) for a band at approximately 340 nm is >about 2. The present invention further provides a method of making an metal-loaded aluminosilicate zeolite having a maximum pore opening defined by eight tetrahedral atoms from pre-existing aluminosilicate zeolite crystallites, wherein the metal is present in a range of from 0.5 to 5.0 wt. % based on the total weight of the metal-loaded aluminosilicate zeolite.

An emissions treatment article comprises: a honeycomb body comprising porous ceramic walls having wall surfaces defining a plurality of inner channels; deposits comprising a magnetic susceptor material disposed on one or more portions of the porous ceramic walls; and a catalytic material within the honeycomb body and disposed separate from the deposits of the magnetic susceptor material. A first number of inner channels comprising the deposits comprising the magnetic susceptor material is greater than or equal to a second number of inner channels comprising the catalytic material. In one or more embodiments, the catalytic material is a three-way conversion (TWC) catalytic material. Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

A method of making mounting mats comprising the steps of: (i) supplying inorganic fibers through an inlet of a forming box having an open bottom positioned over a forming wire to form a mat of fibers on the forming wire, the forming box having rollers for breaking apart clumps of fibers and an endless belt screen; (ii) capturing clumps of fibers on the endless belt; (iii) conveying captured clumps of fibers on the endless belt so as to enable captured clumps to release from the belt and be broken apart by the rollers; (iv) transporting the mat of fibers out of the forming box by the forming wire; and (v) compressing and restraining the mat of fibers to thereby obtain a mounting mat having a desired thickness suitable for mounting a pollution control element in a pollution control device.

The present invention relates to a heating device for heating a gas flow, in particular an exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine, said heating device comprising an electrically conductive heating element that can be flowed through by the gas flow in an axial direction and that has at least two heating segments that are sectionally separated from one another by a gap that is in particular open at one side; a carrier device having at least one electrically insulating carrier element that at least sectionally surrounds the heating element in a peripheral direction and/or at least sectionally covers a marginal region of at least one axial end face of the heating element, wherein the carrier element has at least one spacer section that projects into the gap; and a housing section in which the heating element and the carrier device are held.

An apparatus sizes an exhaust component that includes an outer shell that surrounds first and second substrates. At least one sensor hole is formed in the outer shell at a location between the first and second substrates. A first end of the outer shell is surrounded with a plurality of first fingers to size the first end around the first substrate to a first cross-section. At least one first finger has a protruding portion at a first finger distal end that is longer than first finger distal ends of the other first fingers. A plurality of second fingers surrounds the second shell end to size the outer shell about the second substrate to a second cross-section. At least one second finger has a recess portion at a second finger distal end that receives the protruding portion of the at least one first finger.

Proposed inventions are a recipe of denitrification-oxidation complex catalyst containing an SCR catalyst and an oxidation catalyst to simultaneously remove nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and ammonia, a manufacturing method thereof, an exhaust gas treatment method using the denitrification-oxidation complex catalyst, and an SCR denitrification system including the denitrification-oxidation complex catalyst. The denitrification-oxidation complex catalyst simultaneously removes nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and ammonia and exhibits an increased catalytic effect compared to the cases where the denitrification catalyst used alone and the denitrification and the oxidation catalyst ratios are and not properly balanced. When the denitrification-oxidation complex catalyst is applied to an SCR denitrification system, the structure is simplified, space is saved, cost is reduced, and catalyst maintenance is easy.

A honeycomb structure includes a pillar-shaped honeycomb structure body including porous partition walls defining and forming a plurality of cells which extend from an inflow end face to an outflow end face, and a porous outer wall surrounding the partition walls, a porous supporting bulge disposed to extend out from a circumference of the outer wall so that at least a part of the outer wall is exposed, and plugging portions arranged in open ends of the cells, and the supporting bulge has support portions and a side wall portion, and the partition walls and the outer wall of the honeycomb structure body and the support portions and the side wall portion of the supporting bulge are all formed monolithically by formation of a ceramic raw material.

An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, the exhaust system comprising, a lean NO.sub.x trap (LNT), a wall flow monolithic substrate having a NO.sub.x storage and reduction zone thereon, the wall flow monolithic substrate having a pre-coated porosity of 40% or greater, the NO.sub.x storage and reduction zone comprising a platinum group metal loaded on a first support, the first support comprising one or more alkaline earth metal compounds, a mixed magnesium/aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, and at least one base metal oxide selected the group consisting of copper oxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide and zinc oxide.