An apparatus for oral imaging has a light source energizable to generate a light frequency signal ranging from a minimum to a maximum frequency. An image acquisition apparatus scans the generated light frequency signal to successive positions on a sample surface and to combine a returned signal from each successive position with the generated light frequency signal. The image acquisition apparatus has a detector that obtains a beat frequency signal from the combined returned signal and the generated light frequency signal. A processor that is in signal communication with the detector generates a processed beat signal from the combined signals, wherein the processed beat signal is indicative of the distance from the tunable laser source to the sample surface at the corresponding position. A display is in signal communication with the processor and is energizable to display distance data according to the processed beat signal for each scanned position.

To accurately present guide information which expresses the shape and height of a hoisting load and an object located near the hoisting load. A guide information display device is equipped with: a data acquisition unit provided with a camera for capturing an image of a hoisting load region which includes at least a hoisting load and the ground surface below the hoisting load from above the hoisting load, and a laser scanner for obtaining a data point group in the hoisting load region; a data processing unit for estimating the top surface of the hoisting weight, the ground surface, and the top surfaces of objects, on the basis of the obtained data point group, and generating guide frames which surround the top surfaces of the hoisting weight and objects; and a data display unit which displays guide information obtained by overlapping the generated guide frames and the captured image with one another.

A method that quantifies the surface flatness of 3D point cloud data in which a test statistic is proposed to indicate the surface flatness based on the threshold of the allowed bump level, the confidence level of test statistics and data density. The method comprises steps of converting the LIDAR measured points to coordinates along the axes using the principal component analysis (PCA) technique; calculating a Z.sub.α value based on the coordinates and predetermined bump tolerance: comparing the Z.sub.α value with a Z score of a test statistic to perform a null hypothesis; and rejecting the null hypothesis when the Z.sub.α value is greater than the Z score.

A method that quantifies the surface flatness of 3D point cloud data in which a test statistic is proposed to indicate the surface flatness based on the threshold of the allowed bump level, the confidence level of test statistics and data density. The method comprises steps of converting the LIDAR measured points to coordinates along the axes using the principal component analysis (PCA) technique; calculating a Z.sub.α value based on the coordinates and predetermined bump tolerance: comparing the Z.sub.α value with a Z score of a test statistic to perform a null hypothesis; and rejecting the null hypothesis when the Z.sub.α value is greater than the Z score.

Methods and apparatus provide for acquiring, from a plurality of sensors attached to a plurality of body parts of a target person, at least information regarding movement acceleration and posture angular velocity of each of body parts to which the sensors are attached, and estimating, on the basis of the acquired information regarding the movement acceleration and posture angular velocity, the movement velocity in a predetermined coordinate system of each of the body parts to which the sensors are attached. Subsequently, on the basis of the information regarding the estimated movement velocity of each of the body parts, the methods and apparatus provide for estimating the positions of predetermined body parts of the target person.

Measurement apparatus (20) includes a garment (24, 26, 140, 160) including an elastic fabric (27) having a predefined pattern (28) extending across a surface thereof and configured to be worn over a part of a body of a subject (22), such that the elastic fabric stretches across the part of the body. A camera (30, 80) is configured to capture images of the pattern while contacting and traversing across the surface of the fabric while the subject wears the garment. At least one processor (32, 36, 60) is configured to process the images captured by the camera at multiple locations on the surface of the fabric so as measure a local deformation of the pattern at the multiple locations due to stretching of the fabric, and to compute a dimension of the part of the body responsively to the measured deformation.

Measurement apparatus (20) includes a garment (24, 26, 140, 160) including an elastic fabric (27) having a predefined pattern (28) extending across a surface thereof and configured to be worn over a part of a body of a subject (22), such that the elastic fabric stretches across the part of the body. A camera (30, 80) is configured to capture images of the pattern while contacting and traversing across the surface of the fabric while the subject wears the garment. At least one processor (32, 36, 60) is configured to process the images captured by the camera at multiple locations on the surface of the fabric so as measure a local deformation of the pattern at the multiple locations due to stretching of the fabric, and to compute a dimension of the part of the body responsively to the measured deformation.

An illumination device has a light source unit, a lens unit, and a filter unit An imaging device receives object light, generated by the illumination light, from the measurement object at a predetermined observation solid angle, and pixels of the imaging device can each identify the different light wavelength ranges. A processing device includes an arithmetic unit configured to obtain a normal vector at each point of the measurement object corresponding to each pixel from inclusion relation between the plurality of solid angle regions, constituting the object light, and the predetermined observation solid angle, and a shape reconstruction unit configured to reconstruct the shape of the measurement object.

An illumination device has a light source unit, a lens unit, and a filter unit An imaging device receives object light, generated by the illumination light, from the measurement object at a predetermined observation solid angle, and pixels of the imaging device can each identify the different light wavelength ranges. A processing device includes an arithmetic unit configured to obtain a normal vector at each point of the measurement object corresponding to each pixel from inclusion relation between the plurality of solid angle regions, constituting the object light, and the predetermined observation solid angle, and a shape reconstruction unit configured to reconstruct the shape of the measurement object.

A bead appearance inspection device includes an input unit configured to enter input data related to a welding bead of a workpiece produced by welding, and a determination unit configured to perform an inspection determination related to a shape of the welding bead based on the input data. The determination unit determines which of a range of a value indicating a non-defective product zone, a range of a value indicating a gray zone, and a range of a value indicating a defective product zone a value obtained from the input data belongs to. The range of the value indicating the gray zone is between the range of the value indicating the non-defective product zone and the range of the value indicating the defective product zone.