An apparatus for inspecting a ventilation characteristic according to various embodiments may comprise: a seating unit to which an object to be inspected is attached, and which has a lower surface and an upper surface facing in a direction opposite to the lower surface and includes at least one through-hole passing through the lower surface and the upper surface; a measuring unit which includes a groove for accommodating at least a portion of the seating unit including the lower surface of the seating unit, and a fluid supply passage for supplying a fluid in a direction facing the object to be inspected which is attached to the seating unit; and a compressing unit which is disposed to apply a pressing pressure to the seating unit at a position opposite to the upper surface of the seating unit and includes a fluid discharge passage so that a fluid supplied from the measurement unit is discharged through the object to be inspected. Other embodiments are also possible.

An equal mixture of gas flows from multiple inputs is provided to gas analysis instrumentation, despite the unequal gas flow properties of the inputs often seen in practice. E.g., due to unequal input sample line lengths. We provide gas flow symmetry into a gas manifold that provides the output(s) to the gas analysis instrument(s). Such symmetry has two parts—equal gas flow properties from a set of reference points (one reference point for each input) to the manifold, and equal pressures at the reference points. Such equal pressures can be provided for unequal input gas flow properties by having a bypass valve for each input controlled so as to equalize the pressures.

A manufacturing system includes a processing chamber, an gas supply, and a mass flow control apparatus coupled to the gas supply and the processing chamber. The mass flow control apparatus includes a flow restriction element configured to restrict a flow rate of a gas, a bypass flow element configured to control the flow rate of the gas in parallel to the flow restriction element, and a pressure regulator configured to control a pressure of the gas between the pressure regulator and the flow restriction element and/or a pressure of the gas between the pressure regulator and the flow restriction element. The manufacturing system further includes a controller that is configured to flow gas from the gas supply to the processing chamber via the mass flow control apparatus in view of a first pressure setting. The controller further determines to modify the flow of the gas from a first flow rate associated with the first pressure setting to a second flow rate. The controller further determines a second pressure setting associated with the second flow rate and causes the pressure regulator to modify the pressure of the gas between the pressure regulator and the flow restriction element and/or the pressure regulator and the bypass flow element in view of the second pressure setting.

A sensor element is provided for detecting at least one property of a fluid medium. The sensor element comprises at least one housing having at least one inflow opening accessible to the fluid medium. At least one pressure sensor for detecting a pressure of the fluid medium is situated in the inflow opening. In the inflow opening in front of the pressure sensor, a plurality of ribs project from at least one wall of the inflow opening into the inflow opening.

A method of determining an estimated flow rate for at least one phase of a multi-phase fluid flowing from a subsea well; a subsea well; and a system for determining an estimated flow rate for at least one phase of a multi-phase fluid flowing from a subsea well are disclosed. The method of determining an estimated flow rate for at least one phase of a multi-phase fluid flowing from a subsea well comprises determining a mass or volumetric flow rate of a fluid in a completion or production tree of a subsea well; determining a Water Liquid Ratio (WLR) of said a fluid via a water sampling device; determining an upstream fluid pressure and an upstream fluid temperature of said a fluid at a location upstream of a production choke valve in the subsea production tree via at least one pressure sensor lement and at least one temperature sensor element of the subsea production tree; determining a downstream fluid pressure and a downstream fluid temperature of a fluid at a location downstream of the production choke valve via at least one pressure sensor element and at least one temperature sensor element of the subsea production tree; determining a downhole fluid pressure and a downhole fluid temperature of said a fluid via at least one pressure sensor element and at least one temperature sensor element located downhole in the completion; and providing each of the determined mass or volumetric flow rate, water liquid ratio, upstream fluid pressure, upstream fluid temperature, downstream fluid pressure, downstream fluid temperature, downhole fluid pressure and downhole fluid temperature as respective inputs for a statistical estimator unit and, via the statistical estimator unit, determining an estimated flow rate for each of at least one phase of fluid flowing downstream of the choke valve.

A method of determining an estimated flow rate for at least one phase of a multi-phase fluid flowing from a subsea well; a subsea well; and a system for determining an estimated flow rate for at least one phase of a multi-phase fluid flowing from a subsea well are disclosed. The method of determining an estimated flow rate for at least one phase of a multi-phase fluid flowing from a subsea well comprises determining a mass or volumetric flow rate of a fluid in a completion or production tree of a subsea well; determining a Water Liquid Ratio (WLR) of said a fluid via a water sampling device; determining an upstream fluid pressure and an upstream fluid temperature of said a fluid at a location upstream of a production choke valve in the subsea production tree via at least one pressure sensor element and at least one temperature sensor element of the subsea production tree; determining a downstream fluid pressure and a downstream fluid temperature of a fluid at a location downstream of the production choke valve via at least one pressure sensor element and at least one temperature sensor element of the subsea production tree; determining a downhole fluid pressure and a downhole fluid temperature of said a fluid via at least one pressure sensor element and at least one temperature sensor element located downhole in the completion; and providing each of the determined mass or volumetric flow rate, water liquid ratio, upstream fluid pressure, upstream fluid temperature, downstream fluid pressure, downstream fluid temperature, downhole fluid pressure and downhole fluid temperature as respective inputs for a statistical estimator unit and, via the statistical estimator unit, determining an estimated flow rate for each of at least one phase of fluid flowing downstream of the choke valve.

Continuous microfluidic dilatometry devices and methods are provided for activity monitoring with ultra-high sensitivity. Corner flow in capillary channels is used to detect the resistance change in microfluidic circuits filled with ionic liquids. The conversion of mechanical input (e.g. strain) to an intermediary domain, namely liquid displacement, allows a large enhancement in sensor performance. Embodiments are suitable for tracking skin deformations that occur as a result of human movements.

Systems and methods include a system for processing health information for multiphase flow meters (MPFMs) of different types and at one or more different locations. Multiphase flow meter (MPFM) readings of different MPFM types are received in real-time from MPFMs at different locations. For each MPFM, an MPFM health rule that corresponds to the MPFM readings is determined using the MPFM readings and logic of MPFM health rules. A recommendation is determined for each MPFM based on the MPFM health rule. A health status and an alarm priority are determined for each MPFM using the MPFM readings and the logic of MPFM health rules. A dashboard is presented to a user that includes, for each MPFM, the MPFM readings, the recommendation, the health status, and the alarm priority.

A method of measuring two or more fluid phases of in a downhole well bore that comprises measuring a flow of each of the two or more phases at respective offtake points at which the two or more phases are unmixed within the well bore. In certain implementations, the well bore is inclined at 20 degrees or less to a horizontal axis. Each of the two or more phases can flow at a rate to achieve low Reynolds numbers in a laminar flow regime.

Disclosed herein is an apparatus for controlling a flow rate of a gas including a flow restriction element configured to restrict a flow rate of a gas; a pressure regulator coupled to an inlet of the flow restriction element, wherein the pressure regulator is configured to control a pressure of the gas between the pressure regulator and the flow restriction element; a flow meter coupled to an outlet of the flow restriction element, wherein the flow meter is configured to measure the flow rate of the gas at an outlet of the flow restriction element; and a controller operatively coupled to the pressure regulator and the flow meter, wherein the controller is to receive a measurement of the flow rate by the flow meter, determine a pressure setting associated with a target flow rate, and cause the pressure regulator to have the pressure setting.