A method of determining degradation of a thermoplastic when exposed to light and heat includes illuminating the thermoplastic with a desired wavelength of light at a desired irradiance while maintaining the thermoplastic at a desired temperature. The method is useful to measure the discoloration rate of transparent, translucent and opaque thermoplastics such as polycarbonates, the discoloration rate being determined by transmission or reflectance spectra of transmitted or reflected white light through or from the thermoplastic.

A method of determining degradation of a thermoplastic when exposed to light and heat includes illuminating the thermoplastic with a desired wavelength of light at a desired irradiance while maintaining the thermoplastic at a desired temperature. The method is useful to measure the discoloration rate of transparent, translucent and opaque thermoplastics such as polycarbonates, the discoloration rate being determined by transmission or reflectance spectra of transmitted or reflected white light through or from the thermoplastic.

A sensor device includes a boost circuit configured to increase voltage from a battery, an internal power supply configured to supply the voltage that is increased by the boost circuit, and a controller. The controller includes a drive signal generating unit configured to generate a boost-circuit drive signal for driving the boost circuit, and a calculating unit configured to calculate, as a calculated value, a value in accordance with a state of a detection target based on a sensor signal that is generated using the internal power supply. The controller is further configured to use a substitute value as an internal recognition value of the state of the detection target, instead of the calculated value based on the sensor signal when turning off the boost-circuit drive signal to stop the boost circuit.

A battery includes multiple stacked cells. Each cell includes an anode layer and a cathode layer separated by a permeable separator. At least one temperature probe structure is disposed on the permeable separator between the anode layer and the cathode layer of a first cell of the stacked cells. The temperature probe structure includes at least a first material partially coating the permeable separator and a second material partially coating the permeable separator. The first material overlaps with the second material at an overlap region. A first sensor output terminal is connected to the first material and a second sensor terminal is connected to the second material. A voltage differential between the first sensor output terminal and the second sensor output terminal corresponds to an average temperature of the overlap region.

A battery includes multiple stacked cells. Each cell includes an anode layer and a cathode layer separated by a permeable separator. At least one temperature probe structure is disposed on the permeable separator between the anode layer and the cathode layer of a first cell of the stacked cells. The temperature probe structure includes at least a first material partially coating the permeable separator and a second material partially coating the permeable separator. The first material overlaps with the second material at an overlap region. A first sensor output terminal is connected to the first material and a second sensor terminal is connected to the second material. A voltage differential between the first sensor output terminal and the second sensor output terminal corresponds to an average temperature of the overlap region.

A computer-implemented method for food safety mapping. The method includes acquiring, via a wireless receiver, an encoded unique identifier from a label positioned proximate to a food item. The encoded unique identifier is saved in a food item record of a database. Current food temperature data for the food item is acquired via a temperature sensor and saved in the food item record.

A wearable device is provided. The wearable device includes a housing having a first surface, a second surface, and a side surface, a display disposed on the first surface, a contact part at least partially exposed to the second surface, a temperature sensing element in which a parameter value designated by an object contacted through the contact part is changed, a biometric sensor, memory storing one or more computer programs, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the display, temperature sensing element, and the memory, the one or more processors controlling the temperature sensing element, wherein the one or more computer programs include computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors individually or collectively, cause the wearable device to supply a constant current or a constant voltage to the temperature sensing element by using the biometric sensor, measure the parameter value of the temperature sensing element changed by the constant current or the constant voltage by using the biometric sensor, and determine a temperature of an object in contact with the contact part based on the measured parameter value.

Provided are a method for predicting output power of a battery and a battery system providing the same, the system including: a battery including a plurality of battery modules each including a plurality of battery cells; and a main control circuit determining a representative temperature corresponding to a battery temperature based on a plurality of module temperatures which are respective temperatures of the plurality of battery modules, a cooling water temperature which is a temperature of cooling water flowing between the plurality of battery modules, and an air temperature, and predicting an output power value of the battery based on a state of charge SOC of the battery that is determined based on the determined representative temperature and a predetermined reference.

A display device including: a display panel including a plurality of pixels; a voltage generator configured to provide a driving voltage to the plurality of pixels; and a driving controller configured to receive an image signal and drive the plurality of pixels in frame units, wherein the driving controller includes: a power control circuit configured to receive image data generated based on the image signal and output a load of the image data; a temperature prediction circuit configured to calculate a temperature value of the display panel; a memory configured to store a load-specific temperature lookup table; and a protection determination circuit configured to block an operation of the voltage generator when the temperature value exceeds a threshold value for a predetermined time, based on the load, the load-specific temperature lookup table, and the temperature value.

A display device including: a display panel including a plurality of pixels; a voltage generator configured to provide a driving voltage to the plurality of pixels; and a driving controller configured to receive an image signal and drive the plurality of pixels in frame units, wherein the driving controller includes: a power control circuit configured to receive image data generated based on the image signal and output a load of the image data; a temperature prediction circuit configured to calculate a temperature value of the display panel; a memory configured to store a load-specific temperature lookup table; and a protection determination circuit configured to block an operation of the voltage generator when the temperature value exceeds a threshold value for a predetermined time, based on the load, the load-specific temperature lookup table, and the temperature value.