A pressure measuring sensor having a ceramic pressure sensor includes a temperature transducer to provide a thermovoltage dependent on a temperature gradient. The temperature transducer includes two series-connected thermoelements, each of which has a galvanic contact between a wire of the thermoelement and a connecting conductor connecting the galvanic contacts of the two thermoelements to one another. The temperature transducer enables the compensation for a measuring error caused by a temperature gradient occurring along the pressure measuring sensor.

Methods of fabricating fiber structures with embedded sensors are provided. The method includes obtaining a scaffold fiber and forming, by 1½-D printing using laser induced chemical vapor deposition, circuitry on the scaffold fiber to provide a fiber structure with embedded sensor. The forming includes printing a solid state oscillator about the scaffold fiber, and printing a sensing device about the scaffold fiber electrically coupled to the solid state oscillator to effect, at least in part, oscillations of the solid state oscillator. The forming further includes printing an antenna about the scaffold fiber electrically connected to the solid state oscillator to facilitate in operation wireless transmitting of a signal from the fiber structure with embedded sensor.

Methods of fabricating fiber structures with embedded sensors are provided. The method includes obtaining a scaffold fiber and forming, by 1½-D printing using laser induced chemical vapor deposition, circuitry on the scaffold fiber to provide a fiber structure with embedded sensor. The forming includes printing a solid state oscillator about the scaffold fiber, and printing a sensing device about the scaffold fiber electrically coupled to the solid state oscillator to effect, at least in part, oscillations of the solid state oscillator. The forming further includes printing an antenna about the scaffold fiber electrically connected to the solid state oscillator to facilitate in operation wireless transmitting of a signal from the fiber structure with embedded sensor.

Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a connector assembly comprising: a housing; a connector housing integrally formed as part of the housing; an aperture integrally formed as part of the connector housing; a wire assembly including a wire connector having a housing portion located in the aperture, the wire connector connected to the connector housing via a first connection; and a locking element connected to the connector housing via a second connection. The first connection prevents the wire connector from becoming detached from the connector housing and the second connection prevents the locking element from becoming detached from the connector housing.

A temperature control system and a driving method thereof, and a liquid crystal apparatus are provided. In the temperature control system, an input voltage adjustment circuit is respectively coupled to a control signal output end of a control circuit, a power signal output end, and an input end of a signal amplification circuit, and is configured to control the signal strength of a basic electrical signal transmitted to the input end of the signal amplification circuit under the control of a control signal output from the control signal output end; the signal amplification circuit is configured to output a corresponding target electrical signal to a heating element according to the basic electrical signal, and the heating element is configured to adjust the heating temperature according to the target electrical signal; a temperature sensing circuit is respectively coupled to the heating element and the control circuit, and is configured to convert a sensed sensing signal into a feedback signal and transmit the feedback signal to the control circuit; and the control circuit is configured to control the control signal output from the control signal output end according to the received feedback signal.

A temperature control system and a driving method thereof, and a liquid crystal apparatus are provided. In the temperature control system, an input voltage adjustment circuit is respectively coupled to a control signal output end of a control circuit, a power signal output end, and an input end of a signal amplification circuit, and is configured to control the signal strength of a basic electrical signal transmitted to the input end of the signal amplification circuit under the control of a control signal output from the control signal output end; the signal amplification circuit is configured to output a corresponding target electrical signal to a heating element according to the basic electrical signal, and the heating element is configured to adjust the heating temperature according to the target electrical signal; a temperature sensing circuit is respectively coupled to the heating element and the control circuit, and is configured to convert a sensed sensing signal into a feedback signal and transmit the feedback signal to the control circuit; and the control circuit is configured to control the control signal output from the control signal output end according to the received feedback signal.

A short circuit detection circuit includes a current terminal, a sense resistor, an amplifier, and a resistor-capacitor ladder. The sense resistor is coupled to the current terminal, and is configured to develop a sense voltage proportional to a current through the current terminal. The amplifier is coupled to the sense resistor, and is configured to generate a scaled current proportional to the sense voltage. The resistor-capacitor ladder is coupled to the amplifier, and is configured to generate a measurement voltage that represents a surface temperature rise due to the current through the current terminal.

A short circuit detection circuit includes a current terminal, a sense resistor, an amplifier, and a resistor-capacitor ladder. The sense resistor is coupled to the current terminal, and is configured to develop a sense voltage proportional to a current through the current terminal. The amplifier is coupled to the sense resistor, and is configured to generate a scaled current proportional to the sense voltage. The resistor-capacitor ladder is coupled to the amplifier, and is configured to generate a measurement voltage that represents a surface temperature rise due to the current through the current terminal.

A sensor device for calculating air temperature includes a support structure, to be traversed by the air and defining a seat having an air inlet and an air outlet, and a sensor arranged inside the seat to detect at least one first value and at least one second value of the air temperature that traverses the seat. The sensor device is configured so that, when detecting the first and second value, the air traverses the seat at a first and at a second speed, at which the sensor has a first and second heat transfer coefficient and first and second radiant power. The ratio between air speeds, heat transfer coefficients, or radiant powers is predetermined. The sensor device can be used with a data processing logic unit that calculates the air temperature starting from the first value, the second value, or the ratios between air speeds and radiant powers.

A sensor module includes a first contact, a second contact, and a sensing element made from an iono-conductive material having a conductivity that varies at least in response to variations in an environmental factor. The sensing element is electrically coupled to the first contact and to the second contact, and a first resistance of the sensing element, measured between the first contact and the second contact, varies in response to the variations in the environmental factor.