Various embodiments disclosed herein provide for an improved method for sensing the temperature at an individual sensor location that is both small in size, and the temperature can be determined independent of the temperature of the Temperature Management Controller (TMC). The method includes determining the temperature at the temperature sensing element or circuit based on a function of two voltages measured at the temperature sensing element. In a first embodiment, the two voltages are measured at two transistors that are each being supplied with the same current. In another embodiment, the temperature sensing element includes a single transistor that is supplied with two different currents at different times, and the voltages are measured at the same current, with each of the two voltages being measured based on the two currents being supplied to the transistor

Methods for measuring a temperature of a wafer chuck and calibrating temperature and a temperature measuring system are provided. The measuring method includes: placing a test wafer on a wafer chuck, where a plurality of semiconductor devices having electrical parameters varying as a function of temperature are formed on the test wafer; making the temperature of the wafer chuck reach set temperatures; measuring the semiconductor devices respectively to obtain electrical parameters corresponding to the semiconductor devices; obtaining actual temperatures of the semiconductor devices according to the electrical parameters and variations, of the electrical parameters, as the function of temperature; and obtaining an actual temperature distribution of the wafer chuck according to the actual temperatures of the semiconductor devices.

The invention relates to a method for calibrating a temperature measuring device of a dental oven by means of at least one calibration element, which is heated in the dental oven during a heating time interval (dt), wherein the at least one calibration element has at least one measurement material having a reversible phase transition occurring at a first transition temperature (TC1), the phase transition causes an abrupt change of at least one first parameter (I) of the dental oven, the temperature in the furnace chamber is measured by means of the temperature measuring device as an actual temperature (T), and the parameter (I) is measured, at least one first abrupt change (dI1) of the first parameter (I) is identified, a deviation of the first actual temperature value (T1), which is measured by the temperature measuring device when the first abrupt change (dI1) of the first parameter (I) occurs, from the first transition temperature (TC1) is determined, and the actual temperature (T) of the temperature measuring device is corrected in accordance with the deviation.

The disclosed invention is an improved TPW cell design that is designed to provide a method of removing contaminants from the TPW cell water, and improved resistance to breakage in shipping. An additional storage volume provides for transferring the liquid water from the cell body into the storage volume by inverting the cell, followed by a series of rotations. Subsequent distillation of the water into the cell body by a sub-boiling process (with vapor moving through a transfer tube and condensing in the cell body) results in removal of contaminants from the water in the cell body. The upper volume and transfer tube are configured so that transport damage is minimized by storing the liquid water in the storage volume during transport, and preventing any liquid water from moving from the storage volume into the lower cell body regardless of orientation of the cell during shipping.

A low-temperature dry body temperature calibrator used for temperature calibration of an element, and including a furnace body, a control panel assembly and a housing of modular design, the furnace body and control panel are assembled in the housing, the top surface of the housing has a plurality of heat dissipation holes, the top of the control panel assembly is spaced apart from the top surface of the housing, a flow guiding fan is at the top of the control panel assembly, and a flow guiding plate inclined to the heat dissipation holes on the top surface of the housing is above the flow guiding fan. The furnace body has a compact structure, and the radiators have a light weight and a high heat dissipation efficiency, improving the operation stability and temperature measurement accuracy of the furnace body, and the furnace body is suitable for temperature measurement of low-temperature elements.

A high temperature dry block temperature calibrator relates to the technical field of temperature calibration. The high temperature dry block temperature calibrator includes a high temperature furnace, a control board module, a system board module, a measuring board module, a lower support, and a housing. The high temperature furnace and the control board module are mounted on the lower support. The system board module and the measuring board module are mounted on the front side surface of the housing. The housing is clipped to the periphery of the lower support and the high temperature furnace and the control board module are accommodated in the housing. The modules are independent of each other and can be removed separately, thereby facilitating maintenance and replacement. The high temperature dry block temperature calibrator can be used for calibrating the temperature of a high temperature element to be measured.

A block calibrator for calibrating a temperature sensor includes a calibrator sleeve having at least one sensor bore into which the temperature sensor is insertable along a longitudinal direction. The calibration sleeve also includes a body having at least two sections having different thermal conductivities.

An apparatus for determining and/or monitoring temperature of a medium, comprising at least one temperature sensor and at least two reference elements for in situ calibration and/or validation of the temperature sensor, wherein the first reference element is composed at least partially of a first material, in the case of which at least one phase transition of at least second order occurs at least a first predetermined phase transition temperature in the temperature range relevant for calibration of the temperature sensor, wherein the second reference element is composed at least partially of a second material, in the case of which at least one phase transition of at least second order occurs at least a second predetermined phase transition temperature in the range relevant for calibration of the temperature sensor, and wherein the at least two reference elements are contacted via exactly two connection wires.

A device for determining the temperature of a medium in a tube or in a container is disclosed. The device includes a measuring tube protruding into the medium and closed at the end facing the medium by a measuring tube base, a resistance-based temperature sensor as a main sensor, and a thermoelectric voltage-based temperature sensor as an auxiliary sensor, arranged within the measuring tube at a fixed offset relative to the main sensor. The main sensor and the auxiliary sensor transmit measurement values to an analysis/transmitter unit. If the amount of a difference between the measurement values of the main sensor and the auxiliary sensor exceeds a first specified threshold, a fault notification relating to the integrity of the device is generated in the analysis/transmitter unit.

A calibration device includes a tank, a propeller disposed within the tank, a motor coupled to the propeller, a processor coupled to the motor, and a memory. The memory stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the motor to rotate at a specified speed based on input an indication of an actual speed of the motor. The memory may store instructions that cause the device to dynamically change the speed of the motor based on the viscosity of a fluid in the tank, which changes as the temperature of the fluid changes. In addition, the memory may store instructions that cause the device to determine whether the fluid in the tank is deteriorated, and to provide an operator alert in response to determining that the fluid is deteriorated.