A heat flow rate measurement method for use with a differential scanning calorimeter sensor is provided. The method includes calculating a heat exchange between a plurality of sample containers and a reference container placed on a plurality of sample calorimeter units and a reference calorimeter unit, respectively, and determining a heat flow rate of samples within the sample containers using the calculated heat exchange between the plurality of sample containers and the reference container. A multiple sample differential scanning calorimeter sensor and calorimeter system are also provided.

An open calorimetry system comprising an active vessel, a passive vessel, and a first and second heat flux detector in thermal communication with the active vessel and passive vessel respectively. A thermal reservoir is connected to the first heat flux detector and the second heat flux detector, wherein data from the heat flux detectors is used in a differential analysis resulting in an energy measurement of an article in the active vessel.

A calorimeter cell of a calorimetry system is provided, having a cell body having an internal region for receiving a first substance, the cell body being comprised of a chemically inert material, and a thermally conductive layer at least partially surrounding the chemically inert cell body. Furthermore, an associated calorimeter and method is also provided, including a sample cell, a reference cell, a thermostat in thermal communication with the sample cell and the reference cell, a first conductive wire, the first conductive wire having a first end connected to the thermostat and a second end connected to the sample cell, and a second conductive wire, the second conductive wire having a first end connected to the thermostat and a second end connected to the reference cell.

A calorimeter cell of a calorimetry system is provided, having a cell body having an internal region for receiving a first substance, the cell body being comprised of a chemically inert material, and a thermally conductive layer at least partially surrounding the chemically inert cell body. Furthermore, an associated calorimeter and method is also provided, including a sample cell, a reference cell, a thermostat in thermal communication with the sample cell and the reference cell, a first conductive wire, the first conductive wire having a first end connected to the thermostat and a second end connected to the sample cell, and a second conductive wire, the second conductive wire having a first end connected to the thermostat and a second end connected to the reference cell.

A device for measuring a heat transfer rate according to the present invention includes: a first layer provided with a first material portion and a second material portion disposed in parallel in a surface direction of an object; a second layer provided with a third material portion disposed in parallel with the first material portion in a thickness direction of the first layer and having the same thermal conductivity as the second material portion, and a fourth material portion disposed in parallel with the second material portion in the thickness direction and having the same thermal conductivity as the first material portion; and a temperature measurement layer to measure a temperature difference in the surface direction between the first layer and the second layer, wherein the temperature measurement layer includes: a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact between the first material portion and the third material portion, and a second contact between the second material portion and the fourth material portion; and a noise detector having a shape corresponding to the thermocouple portion. Accordingly, an amount of electric noise can be detected and removed, thereby improving accuracy.

A device for measuring a heat transfer rate according to the present invention includes: a first layer provided with a first material portion and a second material portion disposed in parallel in a surface direction of an object; a second layer provided with a third material portion disposed in parallel with the first material portion in a thickness direction of the first layer and having the same thermal conductivity as the second material portion, and a fourth material portion disposed in parallel with the second material portion in the thickness direction and having the same thermal conductivity as the first material portion; and a temperature measurement layer to measure a temperature difference in the surface direction between the first layer and the second layer, wherein the temperature measurement layer includes: a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact between the first material portion and the third material portion, and a second contact between the second material portion and the fourth material portion; and a noise detector having a shape corresponding to the thermocouple portion. Accordingly, an amount of electric noise can be detected and removed, thereby improving accuracy.

Described is a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) instrument capable of performing analyses of multiple samples at the same time. Some embodiments of DSC instruments described herein include a thermal substrate that provides a substantially uniform temperature across a surface of the substrate. A plurality of DSC units is in thermal communication with the substrate, for example, by mounting the units directly to the surface of the substrate. Each DSC unit includes a second thermal substrate for further thermal isolation, and a reference platform and sample platform to receive a reference cell and a sample cell, respectively. A thermoelectric device is disposed between each platform and the second thermal substrate. Optionally, the reference and sample cells may be disposable chips that can be discarded after measurement are performed, thereby reducing or eliminating the need to clean instrument components to prevent cross-contamination for subsequent instrument operation.

Ultrasensitive, decoupled thermodynamic sensing platforms for the molecular-level detection of target analytes are disclosed, wherein the sensors have a heating resistor decoupled from a sensing resistor. Embodiments of the decoupled sensor comprise a metallic microheater resistor on one side of substrate, and a sensor resistor coupled to a catalyst on the other side of the substrate. A sensor array may be provided including a plurality of sensors each having a different catalyst that, when exposed to an analyte, each experience an endothermic reaction, an exothermic reaction, or no reaction. A comparison of the reaction results to data comprising previously obtained reaction results may be used to determine the presence and the identity of the analyte. Advantageously, the decoupled sensors utilize less power and provide greater sensitivity than other-known systems, and may be used to detect and identify a single molecule of an analyte.

An adiabatic concrete calorimeter includes a thermal chamber and a heat well subassembly for being positioned in the thermal chamber. The heat well subassembly includes a test cylinder container and a test cylinder mold adapted to be positioned in the test cylinder container for defining the shape of a concrete test specimen formed in the test cylinder mold. Temperature sensors determine the temperature of the concrete test specimen, and transmit temperature data from the temperature sensors to a controller. Electrically-energized heaters are positioned on a surface of the test cylinder container for applying heat to the test cylinder container. A controller determines heat loss of the concrete test specimen and outputs data to the heaters whereby the heaters supply heat to the concrete test specimen sufficient to compensate for heat losses to an ambient environment and maintain the heat of hydration of the concrete test specimen.

An adiabatic concrete calorimeter includes a thermal chamber and a heat well subassembly for being positioned in the thermal chamber. The heat well subassembly includes a test cylinder container and a test cylinder mold adapted to be positioned in the test cylinder container for defining the shape of a concrete test specimen formed in the test cylinder mold. Temperature sensors determine the temperature of the concrete test specimen, and transmit temperature data from the temperature sensors to a controller. Electrically-energized heaters are positioned on a surface of the test cylinder container for applying heat to the test cylinder container. A controller determines heat loss of the concrete test specimen and outputs data to the heaters whereby the heaters supply heat to the concrete test specimen sufficient to compensate for heat losses to an ambient environment and maintain the heat of hydration of the concrete test specimen.