A cylindrical quartz crystal transducer that exhibits a low probability of twinning, and uses a combination of resonator signal inputs at the B-mode and C-mode frequencies to calculate resonator temperature. Crystallographic orientations are disclosed where combinations of B-mode and C-mode resonant frequencies exist that are sufficiently independent of pressure to enable accurate calculation of temperature under transient conditions. Such a transducer is usable at higher pressures and temperatures than conventional quartz pressure transducers. Furthermore, because the structure allows a choice of crystallographic orientation, other characteristics of the transducer, such as increased pressure sensitivity and activity dip-free operation, may be optimized by varying crystallographic orientation.

A traction battery of a vehicle includes a temperature compensated passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensor within the traction battery and a controller. The temperature compensated passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensor is configured to receive a broadcast signal and transmit a reflected signal. The controller is programmed to transmit the broadcast signal and receive the reflected signal, and based on a difference in phase and amplitude between the broadcast and reflected signals indicative of an increase in pressure within the traction battery, stop charging the traction battery.

A traction battery of a vehicle includes a temperature compensated passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensor within the traction battery and a controller. The temperature compensated passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensor is configured to receive a broadcast signal and transmit a reflected signal. The controller is programmed to transmit the broadcast signal and receive the reflected signal, and based on a difference in phase and amplitude between the broadcast and reflected signals indicative of an increase in pressure within the traction battery, stop charging the traction battery.

Transducer assemblies may include a sensor and a housing including a pass-through portion comprising at least one aperture in a portion of the housing extending along a longitudinal axis of the housing and the sensor. Methods of forming transducer assemblies may include welding a first housing section of the transducer assembly to a second housing portion of the transducer assembly and forming at least one aperture in the first housing section extending along a longitudinal axis of the transducer assembly, along a chamber for holding a sensor, and through the weld.

Transducer assemblies may include a sensor and a housing including a pass-through portion comprising at least one aperture in a portion of the housing extending along a longitudinal axis of the housing and the sensor. Methods of forming transducer assemblies may include welding a first housing section of the transducer assembly to a second housing portion of the transducer assembly and forming at least one aperture in the first housing section extending along a longitudinal axis of the transducer assembly, along a chamber for holding a sensor, and through the weld.

A rapid pressure rise detection and management system that detects internal pressure changes in a transformer. The rapid pressure rise detection and management system communicates with one or more pressure sensors attached to a tank of the transformer and measures the rate of pressure change versus time. The rapid pressure rise detection and management system then compares this rate of pressure change against a set of parameters to determine if this pressure change is an internal fault requiring the transformer to be taken offline or external fault to be ignored. This rapid pressure rise detection and management system may be a standalone device or work with other monitoring/controlling equipment to expand its sensing and management capabilities.

A rapid pressure rise detection and management system that detects internal pressure changes in a transformer. The rapid pressure rise detection and management system communicates with one or more pressure sensors attached to a tank of the transformer and measures the rate of pressure change versus time. The rapid pressure rise detection and management system then compares this rate of pressure change against a set of parameters to determine if this pressure change is an internal fault requiring the transformer to be taken offline or external fault to be ignored. This rapid pressure rise detection and management system may be a standalone device or work with other monitoring/controlling equipment to expand its sensing and management capabilities.

A flow-through pressure transducer comprising a cylindrical diaphragm positionable to allow fluid to flow therethrough which responds to variations in fluid pressure to generate an electrical signal proportional to such variations and which is incorporated in a housing for interconnecting with fluid delivery tubing. The diaphragm is made of relatively thin resilient metal, shaped to be a tube, elliptical in cross-section, with transducers, located on the elliptical major and minor axes which change their electrical state in response to movement of the diaphragm walls, and which are coupled in a bridge circuit for signal measurement. The housing is constructed for either gage or absolute fluid pressure measurements.

A pressure sensing apparatus is provided for sensing gas pressure at a pressure tapping. The apparatus has a pressure sensor which provides a pressure measurement signal in response to the pressure of a gas admitted into the sensor at a gas inlet port thereof. The apparatus further has a gas conduit which extends from the inlet port. An end of the conduit distal from the inlet port is adapted to receive the gas at the pressure tapping. The apparatus further has a condenser on the gas conduit. The condenser contains condensation surfaces on which humidity in the gas flowing from the pressure tapping to the inlet port condenses out. In operation the temperature at the condenser is lower than at the pressure tapping.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus for determining a characteristic of a fluid. The apparatus may include a device configured to determine a hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid. The apparatus may further include a sensor configured to determine a hydrostatic pressure of the fluid or at least one component of the fluid. The apparatus may also include a common substrate on which the sensor and the device configured to determine a hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid may be commonly arranged, and an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) which may be electrically coupled with at least one of the device or the sensor. The ASIC may be at least partially embedded in the common substrate.