A geosynthetic sensor that incorporates an arrangement of a first layer of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic and a second layer of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic where each said length undergoes a change in electrical resistance or capacitance when subject to changes in any one or more of: pressure; strain; water content; or temperature.

This disclosure relates to a fluid conduit that incorporates electronic sensors printed on a flexible substrate that is attached to an exterior wall of the fluid conduit. The sensors are configured to sense an operating parameter of the fluid conduit and to provide output signals representing the sensed operating parameter. An electrical conductor is deposited on the exterior wall of the fluid conduit for communicating the output signals.

A printed circuit board including electronic components, a carrier equipped with a network of conductor tracks electrically connecting the electronic components, and a plurality of strain gauges positioned on the carrier such that each one of the plurality of corners has a respective one of the plurality of strain gauges positioned closer to the one of the plurality of corners than to any other of the plurality of corners.

An additively manufactured strain gauge resides on the surface of a component to monitor component fatigue. The strain gauge is additively manufactured, and applied to the curvature of the component surface through either a flexible substrate or through direct printing.

This disclosure relates to a fluid conduit that incorporates electronic sensors printed on a flexible substrate that is attached to an exterior wall of the fluid conduit. The sensors are configured to sense an operating parameter of the fluid conduit and to provide output signals representing the sensed operating parameter. An electrical conductor is deposited on the exterior wall of the fluid conduit for communicating the output signals.

A system for detecting the formation of a crack in a metal joint includes an electrochemical electrical current detection device. Carrier material surrounds the metal joint, at least partially, with conductive media having electrolyte therein. An auxiliary electrode is in electrical contact with the carrier material. The placement of the auxiliary electrode in electrical contact with carrier material forms a passive layer on the metal joint. The formation of a crack in the metal joint ruptures the passive layer to generate a current for detection by the electrochemical electrical current detection device.

The invention concerns a method for determining a mechanical stress of a runner (40), of a hydraulic machine (10), wherein the runner is arranged to rotate around a rotation axis, wherein the hydraulic machine comprises a hydraulic channel delimited by hydraulic surfaces of the runner, the hydraulic surfaces being the surfaces against which a stream of water exerts the forces when the runner is driven in rotation by said stream of water, wherein the runner further comprises a sensor (G) on protected areas positioned away from the hydraulic channel, the method comprises the steps of: a) collecting a physical quantity measured by the sensor (G), b) determining a mechanical stress on a specific location of the hydraulic surface, via a transfer function that correlates the physical quantity measured in step a) and said mechanical stress on the specific location.

A sensor array having a lattice topology includes interconnects having an electrically-conductive layer sandwiched between two dielectric layers, the interconnects defining first-axis interconnects, second-axis interconnects, and interconnect junctions, sensor nodes located on associated interconnect junctions thereby defining an associated first-axis line and second-axis line, a sensor on an associated sensor node, a primary first-axis interconnect interface that is electrically connected to the first-axis interconnects, and a primary second-axis interconnect interface that is electrically connected to the second-axis interconnects. Each sensor node includes a first electrode that is electrically connected to an associated first-axis line, a second electrode that is electrically connected to an associated second-axis line, and a bypass bridge that electrically isolates the associated second-axis line from the associated first-axis line.

A resilient bearing pad or support includes resilient material and a sensor that is configured to measure one or more of acceleration, velocity, variations in load, etc. of a mass supported by the bearing pad. The sensor may be configured to wirelessly transmit data for storage and/or evaluation. The data may be evaluated utilizing predefined criteria to detect and/or predict failure of the pad and/or a mass supported by the pad.

The core-shell structured fiber-type strain sensor of the present disclosure, which includes a fibrous support forming a core and a multilayered shell layer formed on the fibrous support, exhibits improved strength and stiffness due to the core fiber, exhibits improved noise level due to an elastomer layer and allows manufacturing of a fiber-type sensor with improved linearity of measurement signals due to a sandwich-structured conductive layer, is advantageous in that stable strain measurement is possible without acting as a defect in a composite structure.