An electrochemical testing system, including: a testing board including: a plurality of testing wells, each well including a first well portion for holding a workpiece to be tested and bringing a first surface of the workpiece into contact with a separate working electrode lead for each testing well, a second well portion for holding a testing media and bringing a second surface of the workpiece into contact with the testing media, and a sealing mechanism for preventing contact of the testing media and the first surface of the workpiece; a media delivery system for selectively delivering the testing media into the second well portion; at least one sensing head for securing one or more electrochemical sensing elements at least one of which is adapted to form part of an electro chemical circuit with the testing media, workpiece and working electrode lead for each testing well, each testing well being electrically and physically isolated from other testing wells; testing apparatus for measuring electrochemical and/or chemical properties from the electrochemical circuit; and a motion control system for controlling relative movement of the sensing head and the plurality of testing wells so that the one or more sensing elements are selectively brought into contact with the testing media in the testing well of a selected workpiece to be tested.

A remote terminal unit for use in monitoring a metallic pipeline can take an electrical measurement at the pipe and transmit the measurement in a modulated signal to a main measurement unit located along the pipe and distant from the remote terminal unit. The electrical measurement is taken at regular time intervals between a reference electrode electrically connected to the pipe and a coupon composed of a sacrificial corrosion material in order to monitor the pipe for possible corrosion. The electrical measurement is modulated with a low frequency carrier signal for transmission along the pipe, eliminating the need to take the measurements directly at physical locations along the pipe.

In order to test wafers, microchips and the like, electrical and/or electrochemical properties thereof are periodically measured using electrochemical processes and are stored. The test values are compared with each other in order to determine changes in the properties. The method is carried out using an apparatus designed as a measuring cell and including a test chamber which is located between an upper half-cell and a lower half-cell and through which electrolyte is conducted. The test chamber is closed by a cell cover which simultaneously presses a wafer against an O-seal in the direction of the upper half-cell. The opening forming the test chamber in the lower half-cell is closed by an O-seal, an anode disk and an anode cover.

In order to test wafers, microchips and the like, electrical and/or electrochemical properties thereof are periodically measured using electrochemical processes and are stored. The test values are compared with each other in order to determine changes in the properties. The method is carried out using an apparatus designed as a measuring cell and including a test chamber which is located between an upper half-cell and a lower half-cell and through which electrolyte is conducted. The test chamber is closed by a cell cover which simultaneously presses a wafer against an O-seal in the direction of the upper half-cell. The opening forming the test chamber in the lower half-cell is closed by an O-seal, an anode disk and an anode cover.

A method of assessing galvanic electronic isolation of two components at a joint of the two components includes measuring a first electrical resistance at a first condition across a joint of two components and comparing the first electrical resistance to a threshold resistance. The comparison of the first electrical resistance to the threshold resistance is indicative of a degree of electrical isolation of the two components. A second electrical resistance is measured at a second condition and the second electrical resistance is compared to the first electrical resistance. The result of the comparison of the second electrical resistance to the first electrical resistance is indicative of a type of electrical connection between the two components.

A portable environmental testing system for environmental testing with particulate matter, such as sand and dust, is disclosed. The components of the system are largely contained within a modular container, such as an intermodal shipping container. The testing system uses a feeder to feed precise amounts of particulate matter into an injector, which injects the particulate matter into an airflow that leads to a nozzle assembly. The airflow itself is generated by a compressed air system. The material input station, for inputting particulate matter, includes operator protection features, like a negative draw fan. The system may be provided with wheels and a tow bar.

A portable environmental testing system for environmental testing with particulate matter, such as sand and dust, is disclosed. The components of the system are largely contained within a modular container, such as an intermodal shipping container. The testing system uses a feeder to feed precise amounts of particulate matter into an injector, which injects the particulate matter into an airflow that leads to a nozzle assembly. The airflow itself is generated by a compressed air system. The material input station, for inputting particulate matter, includes operator protection features, like a negative draw fan. The system may be provided with wheels and a tow bar.

A method to detect and assess microorganism influenced corrosion includes measuring current flow between a test electrode and a control electrode in a split chamber zero resistance ammeter apparatus and calculating a predictive difference in mass loss between the test electrode and the control electrode based on that current over time; and measuring the resistance, R.sub.pit, of a surface of the subject metal to assess pitting corrosion using an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy apparatus.

A method to detect and assess microorganism influenced corrosion includes measuring current flow between a test electrode and a control electrode in a split chamber zero resistance ammeter apparatus and calculating a predictive difference in mass loss between the test electrode and the control electrode based on that current over time; and measuring the resistance, R.sub.pit, of a surface of the subject metal to assess pitting corrosion using an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy apparatus.

There is described a method for inspecting a structure across a cover layer covering the structure. The method generally has emitting a high energy photon beam along a photon path extending across said cover layer and leading to a target point within said structure, resulting in scattering along at least first and second scatter paths originating from said target point and extending across said cover layer and away therefrom, said first and second scatter paths forming a respective angle relative to said cover layer and defining an inspection plane comprising at least the target point; simultaneously detecting a first scatter signal incoming from said first scatter path and detecting a second scatter signal incoming from said second scatter path, and generating first and second values indicative therefrom; comparing said first and second values to one another; and inspecting said structure based on said comparing.