Disclosed is a method of diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS), wherein a blood sample from a patient is incubated with a DNA-replication associated (REP) protein. The present invention relates to a DNA-replication-associated (Rep) protein for use in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), wherein (a) Aan increased amount of Rep protein or fragments thereof in the sample as compared to an amount in a control sample; or an increased amount of anti-Rep protein antibodies with antigen in a sample from a subject as compared to an amount in a control sample correlates with a diagnosis of MS, wherein the Rep protein is MSBI1 Rep or MSBI2 Rep.

An IROA Matrix of metabolite compounds is disclosed. Each of whose compounds has a molecular weight of 2000 AMU or less, and is present as first and second isotopomers that are equally present at two predetermined isotopomeric balances, and contain 2 to 10% of a first isotope, and 90 to 98% of a second isotope, respectively. A reagent pair for transforming a natural abundance mass spectral analysis metabolite sample into an IROA sample is also disclosed and comprises two reactively identical reagents that constitute first and second isotopomers containing 2 to 10% of a first isotope, and 90 to 98% of a second isotope, respectively. Each of the reagent pair contains the same reactive group that reacts with and bonds to a functional group of one or more compounds present in a composition of biologically-produced metabolite compounds. Methods of making and using the above and related materials are also disclosed.

Embodiments described herein generally relate to systems and methods for processing mass spectrometry samples. Aspects of the disclosure include systems and methods for processing samples. Additionally, embodiments of the disclosure can also include systems and methods for sample analysis. Various embodiments include data analysis systems and methods for comparing data across samples and sample runs. Data analysis systems can run normalization methods for normalizing raw abundance mass spectrometry data. In some aspects, the normalized data can be used as input for predictive models.

Please add the following Abstract on a separate sheet after the claims section of the subject application.

An in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) analyzer 200 comprising at least one sensor 212 located in a flow-through sensor path 211 of detecting unit and requiring at least one oxygenated calibration fluid 221, 222 for calibration is herein disclosed. The IVD analyzer 200 further comprises a fluid-supply unit 220 comprising at least one deoxygenated calibration fluid 221, 222, a fluid-selection valve 230 and at least one oxygenation tubing 215, 216 having two ends connected to the fluid-selection valve 230 as a loop, wherein the oxygenation tubing 215, 216 comprises oxygen-permeable walls, and wherein the IVD analyzer 200 further comprises a pump 240 and a controller 250 configured to control the pump 240 and the fluid-selection valve 230 for transporting deoxygenated calibration fluid 221, 222 into the oxygenation tubing 215, 216, to wait a predetermined time required for oxygenation of the deoxygenated calibration fluid 221, 222 via oxygen uptake from ambient air through the tubing walls, and to transport the thereby obtained oxygenated calibration fluid 221, 222 into the sensor path 211 for calibration of the at least one sensor 212. A respective automatic method of calibrating at least one sensor 212 is herein also disclosed.

An IROA Matrix of metabolite compounds is disclosed. Each of whose compounds has a molecular weight of 2000 AMU or less, and is present as first and second isotopomers that are equally present at two predetermined isotopomeric balances, and contain 2 to 10% of a first isotope, and 90 to 98% of a second isotope, respectively. A reagent pair for transforming a natural abundance mass spectral analysis metabolite sample into an IROA sample is also disclosed and comprises two reactively identical reagents that constitute first and second isotopomers containing 2 to 10% of a first isotope, and 90 to 98% of a second isotope, respectively. Each of the reagent pair contains the same reactive group that reacts with and bonds to a functional group of one or more compounds present in a composition of biologically-produced metabolite compounds. Methods of making and using the above and related materials are also disclosed.