The disclosure provides a simple and rapid blood-based bioassay useful in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders, and related compositions and methods.

The invention relates to the use of an immunologically reactive microbial transglutaminase or its immunologically reactive parts or analogues, which are present in a complex with gliadin or its immunologically reactive parts or analogues, for the diagnosis and/or therapy control of coeliac disease or sprue as well as gluten sensitivity, and a kit for determining the diagnosis and/or therapy control of coeliac disease or sprue as well as of gluten sensitivity, by means of the previously mentioned complex.

The present invention pertains to an in vitro method for detecting intestinal barrier failure in animals, the method comprising the following steps: a) collecting intestinal sample material of an individual animal or of an animal population; and b) determining the amount of at least one protein marker contained in said sample material; wherein the at least one protein marker comprises or consists of ovotransferrin or a functional fragment thereof, and wherein an increased amount of said at least one protein marker contained in said sample versus a reference sample indicates intestinal barrier failure.

The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing celiac disease in a subject, or monitoring a subjects response to treatment for celiac disease. The method comprises analysing the subjects TCR repertoire for the presence of gluten-specific TCR sequences, determining a normalised score for the frequency of the gluten-specific TCR sequences in the subjects TCR repertoire and comparing the normalised score to a pre-determined disease threshold.

The present invention pertains to an in vitro method for detecting intestinal barrier failure in an avian population, the method comprising the following steps: a) collecting a pooled fecal sample deriving from an avian population and b) determining the amount of at least one protein marker contained in said sample; wherein the at least one protein marker comprises or consists of an acute phase protein or a functional fragment thereof, and wherein an increased amount of said at least one protein marker contained in said sample versus a reference sample indicates intestinal barrier failure.

Nutritive polypeptides are provided herein. Also provided are various other embodiments including nucleic acids encoding the polypeptides, recombinant microorganisms that make the polypeptides, vectors for expressing the polypeptides, methods of making the polypeptides using recombinant microorganisms, compositions and formulations that comprise the polypeptides, and methods of using the polypeptides, compositions and formulations.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for monitoring, diagnosis, prognosis, and determination of treatment regimens in appendicitis patients and in patients at risk for appendicitis. In particular, the invention relates to using as-says that detect one or more biomarkers as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker assays in such patients.

Methods for selecting patients responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors are herein disclosed. Methods of treating cancer patients with an immune checkpoint inhibitor are also provided.

This document provides biomarkers of gut microbiota dysbiosis. Bacteria that are increased or decreased in gut microbiota dysbiosis can be used as biomarkers to predict dysbiosis in patients with diarrhea and/or to predict susceptibility to Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). In addition, provided herein are compositions including at least three bacteria that are decreased in gut microbiota dysbiosis which can be used, for example, to restore heathy gut microbiota (e.g., by probiotic or by fecal microbiota transplant) to treat CDI.

The present invention relates to an inhibitor of IGFBP3 binding to TMEM219 and uses thereof for the treatment and/or prevention of an intestinal disease in a subject, in particular the treatment and/or prevention of diabetic enteropathy or inflammatory bowel disease.