In some aspects, the disclosure relates to compositions and methods useful for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as leukodystrophies (e.g., Canavan Disease). In some embodiments, the methods comprise administering to a subject an N-acetylaspartate (NAA)-depleting agent or an N-acetylaspartate (NAA)-depleting agent based upon the subject's metabolic profile.

Compositions and methods for diagnosing an increased risk of NPSLE are provided.

Disclosed herein are methods of aiding in a diagnosis of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a subject suspected of having sustained or known to have sustained an injury to the head, by detecting at least one biomarker, wherein the at least one biomarker is ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1).

The present disclosure provides methods for treating mild brain injury and other neurological disorders in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound comprising a ghrelin or ghrelin variant. This invention provides for methods for treating a mild brain injury or concussion in a patient wherein said method comprises administering to the subject in need thereof suffering from said mild brain injury or concussion an effective amount of a ghrelin variant or a composition comprising a ghrelin variant so as to treat said mild brain injury or concussion.

Disclosed herein are methods that aid in the diagnosis and evaluation of a human subject that has sustained or may have sustained an injury to the head, such as mild or moderate, severe, or moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), using cTnI. Also disclosed are methods for determining whether to perform a head computerized tomography on a subject by detecting levels of cTnI. Finally, also disclosed are methods of outcome in subjects suffering from a mild TBI.

Methods for identification and quantification of bile acids are disclosed. Bile acids in plasma, serum and/or blood such as a dried blood spot are used to identify subjects with a Niemann-Pick disease. The methods include measuring levels of a bile acid, such as 3β,5α,6β-trihydroxycholanic acid, N-(3β,5α,6β-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oyl)glycine, N-(3β,5α,6β-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oyl)taurine, or a combination thereof. Detection of bile acids involve mass spectroscopy and/or a combination of mass spectroscopy and liquid chromatography such as a LC-MS/MS assay. The methods can be used with sphingomyelinase assays to detect, diagnose and differentiate between Niemann-Pick A/B and Niemann-Pick C (NPC) disease.

The present invention relates to the manufacture of a platform for forming a neuronal spheroid and, more specifically, to the manufacture of a structure capable of simultaneously forming a test-tube three-dimensional neuronal spheroid and generating a neurite by forming a three-dimensional neuronal spheroid with a micro-platform and forming a neurite between the neuronal spheroid and the micro-platform so as to enable signal transduction, which is an essential function of a nerve cell.

Provided herein are methods, assays and compositions relating to the treatment of neurological diseases and disorders, particularly by modulating expression and/or activity of Bif-1.

The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one NMDA receptor antagonist for use in treating neuropathic forms of Gaucher Disease (nGD).

Disclosed herein are a method and a kit using a novel marker associated with depression. The marker for depression includes one or more selected from a noradrenaline transporter and a dopamine transporter. The method for determining depression includes a step of examining an expression level of the marker for depression in a blood sample collected from a subject.