Truncation variants of BCR-ABL mRNA that produces BCR-ABL proteins with a truncated C-terminus and its role in resistance to treatment with kinase inhibitors is described. Vectors for expressing the truncated gene products are described as well as recombinant cells that express the truncated gene products from cDNA constructs. Also provided are methods compositions and kits for detecting the BCR-ABL truncation variants. Also provided are methods for determining the prognosis of a patient diagnosed as having myeloproliferative disease, and methods for predicting the likelihood for resistance to a treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitor in a patient diagnosed as having myeloproliferative disease. Additionally, methods for screening BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase domain inhibitors which rely on the recombinant cells are also disclosed.

The application relates to methods of assessing whether a cancer patient is at high risk or low risk of mortality, as well as methods of predicting the treatment response to an anti-cancer therapy in a cancer patient. The methods of the invention find application in the selection of patients for clinical trials, the selection of patients for treatment with anti-cancer therapies, monitoring cancer patients during treatment with an anti-cancer therapy, and evaluating the results of clinical trials for anti-cancer therapies, for example.

A method of diagnosing breast cancer is disclosed. The method comprises lysing extracellular vesicles of a subject to generate a composition comprising components of extracellular vesicles; measuring the amount of MEK1 in the composition; and diagnosing the subject with breast cancer when a level of said MEK1 in said composition is above a predetermined threshold. Kits for breast cancer diagnosis are also disclosed.

Embodiments of this invention include methods for detecting in vitro the presence of Memory B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that produce antibodies reactive to CNS antigens associated with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Stimulating PBMCs from patients with MS by a polyclonal stimulating agent promotes the ability of B-lymphocytes, when exposed to a CNS antigen, to produce antibodies specific for the CNS antigen. In contrast, stimulating PBMCs from subjects without MS do not produce such responses.

Methods for detecting a prostate cancer in a subject comprise detecting a marker selected from an endosomal associated marker and/or a lysosomal associated marker from the subject.

The subject disclosure presents systems and computer-implemented methods for providing reliable risk stratification for early-stage cancer patients by predicting a recurrence risk of the patient and to categorize the patient into a high or low risk group. A series of slides depicting serial sections of cancerous tissue are automatically analyzed by a digital pathology system, a score for the sections is calculated, and a Cox proportional hazards regression model is used to stratify the patient into a low or high risk group. The Cox proportional hazards regression model may be used to determine a whole-slide scoring algorithm based on training data comprising survival data for a plurality of patients and their respective tissue sections. The coefficients may differ based on different types of image analysis operations applied to either whole-tumor regions or specified regions within a slide.

The inventors assessed in locally advanced rectal cancer whether a diagnostic biopsy-adapted Immunoscore (IS.sub.B) could predict response to neoadjuvant treatment (nT) and better define patients eligible to a postoperative adjuvant therapy. The inventors showed that IS.sub.B was an independent parameter, more informative than pre- (P<0.001) and post-nT (P<0.05) imaging to predict disease-free survival. IS.sub.B combined pathological response discriminated very poor responders that could benefit of a postoperative adjuvant therapy. Accordingly, the present invention relates to methods for predicting the recurrence and/or death of patients suffering from a solid cancer after preoperative adjuvant therapy and radical surgery.

The present invention provides methods of predicting, diagnosing, and prognosing disease in a patient by analyzing the microbiome signature present in isolated exosomes. In one embodiment, provided herein are methods of detecting a microbiome in a patient, the method comprising: (a) obtaining a body fluid sample from a patient; (b) isolating an exosomes fraction of the body fluid sample; and (c) detecting a microbial macromolecule present in the exosomes fraction.

The invention provides methods of identifying schizophrenia patients at risk for relapse. The invention also provides methods of early detection of schizophrenic relapse. The disclosed methods use monitoring of a subset of symptoms and/or one or more biomarkers. The symptom severity can be assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) parameters. The methods of the invention can be used to provide early intervention to decrease or prevent relapse in schizophrenia patients.

The present invention relates to C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) binding proteins and uses thereof in methods of detecting and/or diagnosing a condition in a subject, comprising determining a level of CXCL10 in the subject. Specific antibodies that bind to total CXCL10 (full-length, N-terminally truncated and citrullinated) and antibodies that bind active CXCL10 (full-length) were used to measure the level of total and active CXCL10 in samples from ovarian cancer patients. The calculated ratio of active to total CXCL10 was lower in patients with malignant condition when compared to patients with benign tumours or healthy individuals and is the basis of method of diagnosis of malignant conditions, monitoring tumour burden and disease progression.