A displacement transducer for a valve in a housing includes a cylindrical displacement transducer core, a coil, a coil housing, and a compensation element. The coil is positioned in the coil housing, and radially encloses the core. The coil housing has a first side supported by the housing, and a supporting face positioned between the first side and an axial end side of the coil housing facing away from the valve such that a length change of the coil is not limited in an axial direction facing away from the valve. The housing is axially supported on the compensation element via the supporting face. A side of the compensation element facing away from the valve is supported on one or more of (i) an adjustable cover, (ii) a standard component of a supporting chain of the core, and (iii) a component formed from a material with a suitable coefficient of thermal expansion.

A displacement transducer for a valve in a housing includes a cylindrical displacement transducer core, a coil, a coil housing, and a compensation element. The coil is positioned in the coil housing, and radially encloses the core. The coil housing has a first side supported by the housing, and a supporting face positioned between the first side and an axial end side of the coil housing facing away from the valve such that a length change of the coil is not limited in an axial direction facing away from the valve. The housing is axially supported on the compensation element via the supporting face. A side of the compensation element facing away from the valve is supported on one or more of (i) an adjustable cover, (ii) a standard component of a supporting chain of the core, and (iii) a component formed from a material with a suitable coefficient of thermal expansion.

In a biomimetic artificial muscle module, a biomimetic artificial muscle assembly having the biomimetic artificial muscle module, and a method of controlling the biomimetic artificial muscle module, the biomimetic artificial muscle module includes an operating part, an elastic part, a driving part, a locking part and first and second sensors. The operating part contracts or relaxes along a longitudinal direction. The elastic part is connected to a first end of the operating part, and behaves elastically behave according to an external force. The driving part is connected to a second end of the operating part, and drives the operating part to be contracted or relaxed. The locking part selectively blocks a length of the operating part from being changed. The first and second sensors respectively sense the elastic part and the operating part.

In a biomimetic artificial muscle module, a biomimetic artificial muscle assembly having the biomimetic artificial muscle module, and a method of controlling the biomimetic artificial muscle module, the biomimetic artificial muscle module includes an operating part, an elastic part, a driving part, a locking part and first and second sensors. The operating part contracts or relaxes along a longitudinal direction. The elastic part is connected to a first end of the operating part, and behaves elastically behave according to an external force. The driving part is connected to a second end of the operating part, and drives the operating part to be contracted or relaxed. The locking part selectively blocks a length of the operating part from being changed. The first and second sensors respectively sense the elastic part and the operating part.

A vehicle control device includes a control device that performs synchronization control of a synchronization mechanism on a vehicle, the vehicle including an input shaft, an intermediate shaft to which rotational power is transmitted, a shift gear that is synchronized with the intermediate shaft, and a synchronization mechanism that synchronizes the input side synchronization element with the output side synchronization element, and the control device includes a first synchronization mode in which the differential rotation is calculated on the basis of the rotational speed of the intermediate shaft, and a second synchronization mode in which the differential rotation is calculated on the basis of the rotational speed of the input shaft, and performs synchronization control in the first synchronization mode when performing the synchronization control, and performs the synchronization control in the second synchronization mode in a case in which the synchronization control does not proceed.

A vehicle control device includes a control device that performs synchronization control of a synchronization mechanism on a vehicle, the vehicle including an input shaft, an intermediate shaft to which rotational power is transmitted, a shift gear that is synchronized with the intermediate shaft, and a synchronization mechanism that synchronizes the input side synchronization element with the output side synchronization element, and the control device includes a first synchronization mode in which the differential rotation is calculated on the basis of the rotational speed of the intermediate shaft, and a second synchronization mode in which the differential rotation is calculated on the basis of the rotational speed of the input shaft, and performs synchronization control in the first synchronization mode when performing the synchronization control, and performs the synchronization control in the second synchronization mode in a case in which the synchronization control does not proceed.

A measurement system for a vehicle including a first camera defining a field of view having a corresponding optical axis, and a motion detection sensor mechanically fixed to the first camera such that the motion detection sensor is configured to detect motion of the optical axis.

A measurement system for a vehicle including a first camera defining a field of view having a corresponding optical axis, and a motion detection sensor mechanically fixed to the first camera such that the motion detection sensor is configured to detect motion of the optical axis.

Detectable indicia are provided on the interior circumferential rim of the brake hub-drum adjacent to, and spaced apart from, the backing plate of the brake. A sensor is mounted on the backing plate to detect wheel speed and/or other operating conditions detectable from the motion and/or relative location or condition of those indicia. The number of indicia used and the indicia spacing along the interior circumferential rim is selected as needed for a given type of sensor and/or a given application. In the case of a speed sensor, the indicia can be a series of notches in the rim along the entire interior circumferential rim, resembling a series of teeth into that rim. The width of those teeth can be formed wide enough to accommodate movement of the hub-drum relative to the backing plate and/or the sensor, without loss of system functionality, according to the sensing tolerances of a given sensor being used in a given application.

Detectable indicia are provided on the interior circumferential rim of the brake hub-drum adjacent to, and spaced apart from, the backing plate of the brake. A sensor is mounted on the backing plate to detect wheel speed and/or other operating conditions detectable from the motion and/or relative location or condition of those indicia. The number of indicia used and the indicia spacing along the interior circumferential rim is selected as needed for a given type of sensor and/or a given application. In the case of a speed sensor, the indicia can be a series of notches in the rim along the entire interior circumferential rim, resembling a series of teeth into that rim. The width of those teeth can be formed wide enough to accommodate movement of the hub-drum relative to the backing plate and/or the sensor, without loss of system functionality, according to the sensing tolerances of a given sensor being used in a given application.