An apparatus for measuring airflow in an airstream includes a generally planar panel adapted to be placed in the airstream so that air passes over opposite surfaces of the panel. The panel includes at least one slot that extends through the panel. A hot-point element is mounted on one of the panel surfaces adjacent the at least one slot. The at least one slot is configured to permit air passing over the opposite surfaces to pass through the slot and become mixed together. The hot-point element is positioned on the panel so that the mixed air passes over the hot-point element.

The invention provides systems and methods for isolating one or more sensors within an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The method may comprise providing a UAV that includes a housing forming a central body of the UAV. The UAV may also include a first compartment of the central body with one or more electrical components (1) disposed therein, and (2) adapted to affect operation of the UAV. Further, the UAV may include a second compartment of the central body that is isolated from the first compartment such that the barometric pressure in the second compartment is independent of the barometric pressure in the first compartment. Additionally, the method may comprise disposing the one or more sensors within the second compartment of the UAV.

Embodiments of methods and apparatus for close formation flight are provided herein. In some embodiments, a method of operating aircraft for flight in close formation includes establishing a communication link between a first aircraft and a second aircraft, assigning to at least one of the first aircraft or the second aircraft, via the communication link, initial positions relative to one another in the close formation, providing flight control input for aligning the first and second aircraft in their respective initial positions, tracking, by at least one aircraft in the close formation, at least one vortex-generated by at least one other aircraft in the close formation, and based on the tracking, providing flight control input to adjust a relative position between the first aircraft and the second aircraft.

Embodiments of air flow sensing systems are provided herein. In some embodiments, one or more sensors are positionable on an aircraft and dimensioned and arranged to measure vector components of airflow velocity having at least one of a transverse or streamwise direction relative to a flight direction of the aircraft. In some embodiments, the one or more sensors are positioned in front of an aircraft wing and distributed as an array of sensors along the span of the aircraft wing.

Embodiments of air flow sensing systems are provided herein. In some embodiments, one or more sensors are positionable on an aircraft and dimensioned and arranged to measure vector components of airflow velocity having at least one of a transverse or streamwise direction relative to a flight direction of the aircraft. In some embodiments, the one or more sensors are positioned in front of an aircraft wing and distributed as an array of sensors along the span of the aircraft wing.

A system and apparatus comprising a multi-sensor catheter for right heart and pulmonary artery catheterization is disclosed. The multi-sensor catheter comprises multi-lumen catheter tubing into which at least three optical pressure sensors, and their respective optical fibers, are inserted. The three optical pressure sensors are arranged within a distal end portion of the catheter, spaced apart lengthwise within the distal end portion for measuring pressure concurrently at each sensor location. The sensor locations are configured for placement of at least one sensor in each of the right atrium, the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, for concurrent measurement of pressure at each sensor location. The sensor arrangement may further comprise an optical thermo-dilution sensor, and another lumen is provided for fluid injection for thermo-dilution measurements. The catheter may comprise an inflatable balloon tip and a guidewire lumen, and preferably has an outside diameter of 6 French or less.

A system and apparatus comprising a multi-sensor catheter for right heart and pulmonary artery catheterization is disclosed. The multi-sensor catheter comprises multi-lumen catheter tubing into which at least three optical pressure sensors, and their respective optical fibers, are inserted. The three optical pressure sensors are arranged within a distal end portion of the catheter, spaced apart lengthwise within the distal end portion for measuring pressure concurrently at each sensor location. The sensor locations are configured for placement of at least one sensor in each of the right atrium, the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, for concurrent measurement of pressure at each sensor location. The sensor arrangement may further comprise an optical thermo-dilution sensor, and another lumen is provided for fluid injection for thermo-dilution measurements. The catheter may comprise an inflatable balloon tip and a guidewire lumen, and preferably has an outside diameter of 6 French or less.

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) includes a housing forming a central body of the UAV and including an internal compartment, one or more electrical components disposed within the internal compartment and configured to affect operation of the UAV, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) disposed in an external compartment external to the central body. The IMU is isolated from the internal compartment such that a barometric pressure in the external compartment is independent of a barometric pressure in the internal compartment.

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) includes a housing forming a central body of the UAV and including an internal compartment, one or more electrical components disposed within the internal compartment and configured to affect operation of the UAV, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) disposed in an external compartment external to the central body. The IMU is isolated from the internal compartment such that a barometric pressure in the external compartment is independent of a barometric pressure in the internal compartment.

Proposed is an air velocity sensor (meter) for measuring the flow velocity of a fluid, particularly, the air velocity of gas. More specifically, proposed is a technical field related to an air velocity sensor which measures air velocity or temperature through the heat transfer of a fluid by using a hot wire, that is, a heating element, of a small cross-section, and which expands the surface areas of a temperature sensor, the heating element, and a soldering part in order to further improve the accuracy of a hot wire flow velocity sensor having higher accuracy, even with respect to a low flow velocity, than a general mechanical anemometer, so as to minimize resistance, and thus can easily measure very low flow rates by inducing a quick change in a current to quickly respond to minute changes in resistance and sensitively operate, that is, by improving reaction speed.